Table 7. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for the association between dietary acidity with RA and its clinical symptoms.

Variable		PRAL Median		p value*	Median NEAP		p value*	Median DAL		p value*
		PRAL < −7.64	PRAL > −7.64		NEAP < 44.80	NEAP > 44.80		DAL < 33.19	DAL > 33.19
Joint pain
	Crude Model	1	0.60 (0.40–1.06)	0.09	1	0.83 (0.52–1.35)	0.47	1	0.74 (0.45–1.19)	0.20
	Model 1	1	0.72 (0.43–1.10)	0.20	1	1.00 (0.60–1.67)	0.97	1	0.99 (0.59–1.67)	1.00
	Model 2	1	0.70 (0.46–1.28)	0.32	1	0.99 (0.59–1.65)	0.98	1	0.99 (0.58–1.68)	0.98
	Model 3	1	0.70 (0.46–1.29)	0.30	1	1.00 (0.60–1.67)	0.99	1	0.99 (0.58–1.69)	0.90
Joint stiffness
	Crude Model	1	1.03 (0.52–2.00)	0.93	1	1.10 (0.56–2.14)	0.76	1	1.12 (0.57–2.19)	0.72
	Model 1	1	1.13 (0.57–2.23)	0.72	1	1.28 (0.64–2.54)	0.47	1	1.44 (0.72–2.89)	0.29
	Model 2	1	1.19 (0.59–2.37)	0.60	1	1.31 (0.66–2.62)	0.43	1	1.33 (0.72–2.89)	0.42
	Model 3	1	1.18 (0.59–2.36)	0.60	1	1.32 (0.66–2.64)	0.42	1	1.32 (0.65–2.68)	0.43
RA
	Crude Model	1	1.16 (0.62–2.10)	0.62	1	1.07 (0.56–2.04)	0.83	1	1.01 (0.54–1.80)	0.97
	Model 1	1	1.31 (0.67–2.50)	0.42	1	1.27 (0.62–2.50)	0.50	1	1.45 (0.74–2.80)	0.27
	Model 2	1	1.38 (0.70–2.72)	0.35	1	1.47 (0.69–3.10)	0.31	1	1.56 (0.78–3.10)	0.20
	Model 3	1	1.39 (0.70–2.76)	0.34	1	1.48 (0.69–3.10)	0.30	1	1.58 (0.79–3.10)	0.19

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex; Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status and smoking status; and Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking status and dietary energy intake.

RA, rheumatoid arthritis; PRAL, potential renal acid load; NEAP, net endogenous acid production; DAL, dietary acid load.

^*Calculated by logistic regression.