TABLE 2.
Types of applications of MDEs in the treatment of various diseases.
| MDEs origin | Study model | Major outcome | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Camel | Breast cancer cells (MCF7) (in vitro) | Anticancer activity | Badawy et al. (2018); Ibrahim et al. (2019) |
| Albino rats | Antioxidant activity | ||
| YAK | Intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6) (in vitro) | Induce hypoxia tolerance | Gao et al. (2019) |
| Human | Intestinal organoids | Anti-inflammatory activity | Moatsou and Sakkas. (2019); Silva et al. (2020) |
| Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells (MDDCs) and CD4+ T cells (in vitro) | Anti-HIV-1 | ||
| Porcine | Jejunum of a neonatal unsuckled piglet (IPEC-J2) (in vitro) | Intestinal cell proliferation | Chen et al. (2014) |
| blood T cells (in vitro) | Digestive tract development and immunity of newborn piglets | Miura et al. (2022) | |
| Bovine | Mice | Attenuates Arthritis | Ong et al. (2021); Han et al. (2022) |
| Goblet cell (in vitro) | Rheumatoid | ||
| Anti-Necrotizing | |||
| Enterocolitis | |||
| Immune response and growth | |||
| Buffalo | Bioinformatic | Preventing Infectious and inflammation | Rani et al. (2020) |
| Goat | Mice (in vivo) | Anti-inflammatory properties | Santos-Coquillat et al. (2022) |
| Sheep | Bioinformatic | Inflammation and immune responses during infection | Quan et al. (2020) |
| Rat | Intestinal epithelial cell (in vitro) | Anti-Necrotizing | Colombo et al. (2014) |
| Enterocolitis |