Table 2.
Comparison of baseline and clinicopathological characteristics of patients between the groups.
| Non-reinforcement group (n=64) | Reinforcement group (n=64) | P value§ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years * | 54.5 (13-81) | 55.5 (17-79) | 0.618# |
| Sex | 0.273 | ||
| Male | 21 (32.8) | 27 (42.2) | |
| Female | 43 (67.2) | 37 (57.8) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) * | 23.6 (15.6-32.7) | 23.2 (15.4-33.6) | 0.941# |
| Abdominal/back pain | 31 (48.4) | 26 (40.6) | 0.374 |
| Weight loss | 17 (26.6) | 25 (39.1) | 0.132 |
| Hypertension in medical history | 14 (21.9) | 18 (28.1) | 0.414 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (12.5) | 7 (10.9) | 0.783 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2 (3.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.680¶ |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (3.1) | 3 (4.7) | 1.000¶ |
| Hyperlipemia | 10 (15.6) | 9 (14.1) | 0.804 |
| Maximum tumor size (cm) * | 5 (1.2-12) | 4.8 (1-23) | 0.960# |
| Preoperative pancreatic portal hypertension | 11 (17.2) | 13 (20.3) | 0.651 |
| PV/SMV axis invasion on imaging | 10 (15.6) | 15 (23.4) | 0.265 |
| Splenic artery invasion on imaging | 13 (20.3) | 12 (18.8) | 0.824 |
| Splenic vein invasion on imaging | 9 (14.1) | 12 (18.8) | 0.474 |
| Elevated CA19-9 | 18 (28.1) | 20 (31.2) | 0.699 |
| Elevated CEA | 11 (17.2) | 11 (17.2) | 1.000 |
| Preoperative albumin (g/L) * | 43 (36-54) | 44 (30-51) | 0.521 |
| Preoperative hemoglobin (g/dL) * | 133 (83-169) | 136.5 (85-178) | 0.333# |
| ASA Classification | 0.571 | ||
| Grade I or II | 58 (90.6) | 56 (87.5) | |
| Grade ≥III | 6 (9.4) | 8 (12.5) | |
| Pathology | 0.461 | ||
| PDAC | 21 (32.8) | 25 (39.1) | |
| Non-PDAC | 43 (67.2) | 39 (60.9) |
Values in parentheses are percentages unless indicated otherwise; *values are median (range). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists. PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. §χ2 test, except ¶ Fisher’s exact test and #Mann–Whitney U test.