| A1 |
Prates et al.11 2010 |
Brazil |
To determine the prevalence of nasal transportation of S. aureus in university students. |
Nostrils |
| A2 |
Syafinaz et al.12 2012 |
Malaysia |
To determine the prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriers among medical students. |
Nostrils |
| A3 |
Bettin et al.13 2012 |
Colombia |
To investigate the nasal transportation of Panton-Valentin leukocidin-positive S. aureus strains, categories of transportation and risk factors associated with colonization, in medical students. |
Nostrils |
| A4 |
Chen et al.14 2012 |
China |
To investigate whether clinical exposure in the hospital affects MRSA nasal transportation among medical students. |
Nostrils |
| A5 |
Sabri et al.16 2013 |
Palestine |
To investigate the prevalence of nasal transportation of S. aureus and MRSA. |
Nostrils |
| A6 |
López-Aguilera et al.15 2013 |
Spain |
To determine the prevalence of nasal carriers of sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and evaluate knowledge of and adherence to hand hygiene among students. |
Nostrils |
| A7 |
Mat Azis et al.17 2014 |
Malaysia |
To evaluate the transportation of S. aureus and its persistence in students of health sciences. |
Nostrils |
| A8 |
Malik et al.18 2014 |
Brunei |
To determine the prevalence of the status of nasal carrier of S. aureus and MRSA among healthy young people. |
Nostrils |
| A9 |
Krishnamurthy et al.19 2014 |
India |
To examine the influence of exposure to the hospital environment on MRSA transportation, MRSA antimicrobial resistance patterns and presence of genes that encode five determinants of extracellular pathogenicity. |
Nostrils, throat and hand palms |
| A10 |
Demirel et al.20 2014 |
Turkey |
To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-sensitive (CA-MSSA) and resistant (CA-MRSA) S. aureus, including inducible sleepers (ID-MRSA), in S. aureus and MRSA strain genotypes from nasal cultures. |
Nostrils |
| A11 |
Renushri et al.21 2014 |
India |
To assess the influence of exposure to the hospital environment on MRSA transportation. |
Nostrils and throat |
| A12 |
Ribeiro et al.22 2014 |
Brazil |
To identify S. aureus and MRSA in university students. |
Nostrils and palm hands |
| A13 |
Holý et al.24 2015 |
Czech Republic |
To investigate the prevalence of nasal transportation of S. aureus and MRSA in healthy people aged 18–26 years. To find out whether the prevalence of nasal transportation strains of S. aureus and MRSA varies over the years of studies. To compare general medical students from year 1 and year 5 for nasal transportation of S. aureus and MRSA strains. |
Nostrils |
| A14 |
Zakai et al.23 2015 |
Saudi Arabia |
To identify MRSA nasal carrier status among medical students during their clinical rotations. |
Nostrils |
| A15 |
Collazos Marín et al.25 2015 |
Colombia |
To establish the genetic diversity of S. aureus isolates and detect the presence of mecA gene in isolated strains in asymptomatic medical students who were in their clinical rotation phase in a hospital. |
Nostrils |
| A16 |
Petti et al.26 2015 |
Italy |
To evaluate the MRSA carrier rate in a sample of dental students. |
Nostrils, throat and palm hands |
| A17 |
Hogan et al.3 2016 |
Madagascar |
To examine the prevalence and clonal epidemiology of nasal S. aureus and MRSA among healthcare professionals and non-medical university students. |
Nostrils |
| A18 |
Javaeed et al.27 2016 |
Pakistan |
To assess the prevalence of MRSA transportation in healthy medical students. |
Nostrils |
| A19 |
Subri et al.28 2016 |
Malaysia |
To determine the prevalence of nasal colonization of S. aureus and its susceptibility to antibiotics among pre-clinical and clinical physicians and nursing students. |
Nostrils |
| A20 |
Ansari et al.29 2016 |
Nepal |
To evaluate the rate of nasal colonization of S. aureus, its methicillin-resistant strains and risk factors in medical students before clinical exposure. |
Nostrils |
| A21 |
Okamo et al.30 2016 |
Tanzania |
To determine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal transportation among medical students, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated profiles of S. aureus, and to verify the association of S. aureus nasal transportation with demographic and clinical characteristics. |
Nostrils |
| A22 |
Baek et al.31 2016 |
South Korea |
To determine the prevalence rate of nasal colonization by MRSA among dental students and identify the characteristics of the strains isolated. |
Nostrils |
| A23 |
Radhakrishna et al.32 2016 |
India |
To establish the prevalence and pattern of S. aureus antibiograms, with special emphasis on MRSA among students of the second year. |
Nostrils |
| A24 |
Abroo et al.7 2017 |
Iran |
To investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular factors characteristic of CA (community acquired) MRSA among two groups of college students (medical and non-medical). |
Nostrils |
| A25 |
Budri et al.33 2018 |
Ireland |
To investigate co-located nasal Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), recovered from healthy medical students in a preclinical year and the transportation of genes and common elements to both species that may contribute to the evolution of S. aureus and MRSA. |
Nostrils |
| A26 |
Al-Tamimi et al.34 2018 |
Jordan |
To investigate the prevalence, standard antimicrobial susceptibility, antibiotic resistance genes and risk factors of medical students with MRSA. |
Nostrils |
| A27 |
Suhaili et al.35 2018 |
Malaysia |
To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of S. aureus strains isolated from university students and to determine the prevalence of resistance to constitutive and inducible clindamycin, in which the latter would be capable of causing therapeutic failure due to false in vitro susceptibility to clindamycin. |
Nostrils |
| A28 |
Onanuga et al.36 2019 |
Nigeria |
To determine the antibiogram and the virulent characteristics of nasal S. aureus, accessing its profile of resistance to antibiotics and potential pathogens in healthy students at the University of the Niger Delta, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. |
Nostrils |
| A29 |
Szymanek-Majchrzak et al.37 2019 |
Poland |
To evaluate and compare the level of colonization of S. aureus (MRSA or MSSA) among medical students and evaluate the sensitivity of the strains. |
Nostrils |
| A30 |
Efa et al.5 2019 |
Ethiopia |
To determine the nasal transportation of MRSA and its antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among medical students at the Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), southwestern Ethiopia. |
Nostrils |
