Table 1.
Weighted characteristics of study population based on serum vitamin D levels
| Characteristic | Deficiency1272 (< 50 nmol/L) |
Insufficiency1425 (> = 50, < 75 nmol/L) |
Sufficiency474 (> = 75 nmol/L) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 15.55 ± 2.24 | 15.28 ± 2.22 | 15.45 ± 2.22 | 0.0143 |
| Gender (%) | < 0.0001 | |||
| Boys | 47.47 | 58.08 | 49.62 | |
| Girls | 52.53 | 41.92 | 50.38 | |
| Race (%) | < 0.0001 | |||
| Mexican American | 25.59 | 14.71 | 4.00 | |
| Other Hispanic | 10.12 | 8.43 | 2.83 | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 21.67 | 58.41 | 85.28 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 31.97 | 9.30 | 2.24 | |
| Other Race | 10.65 | 9.15 | 5.65 | |
| Ratio of family income to poverty (%) | < 0.0001 | |||
| < 1.3 | 42.16 | 27.21 | 18.84 | |
| 1.3–1.8 | 13 | 11.13 | 7 | |
| > 1.8 | 36.47 | 55.29 | 70.41 | |
| Not recorded | 8.37 | 6.37 | 3.75 | |
| Time of detection (%) | < 0.0001 | |||
| November 1 through April 30 | 59.22 | 48.06 | 26.83 | |
| May 1 through October 31 | 40.78 | 51.94 | 73.17 | |
| Sedentary activity, mean ± SD, (minutes) | 513.29 ± 177.52 | 488.65 ± 157.54 | 465.38 ± 156.75 | < 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference, mean ± SD, (cm) | 85.80 ± 17.29 | 82.64 ± 15.31 | 79.17 ± 11.69 | < 0.0001 |
| BMI | < 0.0001 | |||
| Underweight | 3.85 | 3.83 | 2.75 | |
| Normal weight | 47.98 | 55.78 | 71.52 | |
| Overweight | 17.51 | 18.4 | 13.1 | |
| Obese | 30.03 | 21.17 | 11.26 | |
| Not recorded | 0.63 | 0.83 | 1.38 | |
| Serum vitamin D, mean ± SD (nmol/L) | 38.73 ± 8.57 | 61.86 ± 7.01 | 92.41 ± 17.63 | < 0.0001 |
| Visceral adipose tissue mass (mg) | 267.48 ± 166.11 | 244.06 ± 133.50 | 208.22 ± 108.58 | < 0.0001 |
Mean ± S.D. for continuous variables: P value was calculated by weighted linear regression model
% for categorical variables: P value was calculated by weighted chi-square test
Abbreviation: BMI Body mass index