Table 2.

Association between serum vitamin D levels (nmol/L) and VAT mass (mg)

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value
Serum vitamin D levels (nmol/L)	−1.23 (− 1.44, − 1.02)	< 0.0001	− 1.63 (− 1.86, − 1.39)	< 0.0001	−0.34 (− 0.49, − 0.19)	< 0.0001
Serum vitamin D (quartile)
Deficiency	Reference		Reference		Reference
Insufficiency	−23.42(− 34.94,-11.90)	< 0.0001	−37.93(− 50.06,-25.81)	< 0.0001	−8.30 (− 15.42, − 1.18)	0.0224
Sufficiency	−59.26(− 72.50,-46.02)	< 0.0001	−78.22(− 92.95,-63.48)	< 0.0001	− 14.70(− 23.62,-5.78)	0.0012
P trend	< 0.001		< 0.001		0.001

Model 1 adjusted for: None

Model 2 adjusted for age, race, and gender

Model 3 adjusted for age, race, gender, sedentary activity, ratio of family income to poverty, time of detection, BMI, and waist circumference