. 2022 Sep;56(3):222–234. doi: 10.15644/asc56/3/1

Table 3. Frequencies of nuclear abnormalities in exfoliated gingival epithelial cells at different time points.

Tested cytogenetic damages		Time of sampling
Tested cytogenetic damages		T0	T1	T2
Micronucleus	Dentium SuperLine	1 (1.5)	1 (1)	1 (1)
Micronucleus	Ankylos	1 (2)	1 (1)	2 (1)
Nuclear buds	Dentium SuperLine	0 (1)	0 (1)^a	0 (1)^a
Nuclear buds	Ankylos	0 (1)	1 (1)^b	1 (1)^b
Broken eggs	Dentium SuperLine	0 (1)	0 (1)	0 (1)
Broken eggs	Ankylos	0 (1)	1 (1)	1 (1)
Binucleated cells	Dentium SuperLine	4 (1)^A	5 (2)^Ba	5 (2)^C
Binucleated cells	Ankylos	5 (2)^A	6 (1)^Bb	6 (1)^B
Karyorrhexis	Dentium SuperLine	1 (3)	1 (3)	3 (2.5)
Karyorrhexis	Ankylos	3 (2)	3 (0.75)	3 (3)
Karyolysis	Dentium SuperLine	7 (4)	7 (4)	6 (4)
Karyolysis	Ankylos	3 (4)	3 (4)	7 (4)
Condensed chromatin	Dentium SuperLine	2 (2)	2 (2)	2 (2)
Condensed chromatin	Ankylos	2 (2)	2 (1)	2 (1.25)
Pyknosis	Dentium SuperLine	4 (2)	2 (2)	4 (4)
Pyknosis	Ankylos	4 (2)	4 (2)	4 (2.25)
Data are presented as median and interquartile range. *Different upper capital letters indicate a significant difference among the evaluation periods, and different lower-case letters indicate a significant difference among the treatment groups (P < 0.05). Abbreviations: T0, sample before the treatment – baseline; T1, 90 days after implant insertion; T2, 21 days following the healing abutment placement.