Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Nov 3;13(1):1985–2011. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2141987

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 2. — Classification of leprosy on the Ridley-Jopling scale based on immunology, histology, and bacteriology. Leprosy is classified into tuberculoid (TT), borderline tuberculoid (BT), mid-borderline (BB), borderline lepromatous (BL), and lepromatous leprosy (LL). TT leprosy showing strong cell mediated immunity is characterized by granulomatous skin lesions infiltrated predominantly by lymphocytes and epithelioid cells along with high secretion of the Th1 cytokines IL2, and IFN-γ in TT/BT lesions. Conversely, in BL/LL a high level of humoral immunity with a low level of cell mediated immunity is exhibited predominantly by macrophage granulomas with foamy macrophages with few lymphocytes, high levels of Treg cells along with numerous acid-fast bacilli and secretion of high levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10.