Table 3. Changes in Metabolic Parameters After the Start of Oral Semaglutide in Patients Who Had not Used GLP-1 Analogues (N = 36).
| N | Baseline | After 3 months | N | Baseline | After 6 months | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (kg) | 29 | 77.2 ± 17.5 | 75.8 ± 17.8** | 19 | 77.1 ± 17.6 | 75.0 ± 18.0** |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 30 | 133.7 ± 15.7 | 130.3 ± 18.2 | 19 | 135.0 ± 16.0 | 129.3 ± 16.0** |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 30 | 78.9 ± 11.4 | 76.0 ± 11.7 | 19 | 79.5 ± 11.3 | 78.6 ± 13.3 |
| Plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 29 | 188.3 ± 109.6 | 171.1 ± 59.6 | 20 | 189.6 ± 130.3 | 166.4 ± 71.1 |
| HbA1c (%) | 30 | 8.3 ± 1.3 | 8.0 ± 1.5** | 20 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 7.9 ± 1.6** |
| AST (IU/L) | 30 | 30.9 ± 19.7 | 29.0 ± 16.1 | 22 | 32.4 ± 21.6 | 30.2 ± 22.1 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 30 | 43.6 ± 36.6 | 40.1 ± 30.8 | 22 | 43.6 ± 38.3 | 38.5 ± 38.1 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 26 | 54.0 ± 49.8 | 49.2 ± 41.6 | 19 | 58.9 ± 56.7 | 53.9 ± 56.2 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 28 | 212.4 ± 137.9 | 179.3 ± 115.8* | 20 | 218.1 ± 145.0 | 176.3 ± 100.6** |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 28 | 54.0 ± 14.1 | 52.2 ± 11.6* | 20 | 53.7 ± 14.4 | 52.1 ± 12.9 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 26 | 100.6 ± 31.5 | 90.5 ± 27.6** | 20 | 102.8 ± 33.5 | 90.3 ± 26.3** |
| Non-HDL-C (mg/dL) | 26 | 132.8 ± 39.6 | 121.8 ± 35.5** | 18 | 135.7 ± 42.9 | 120.1 ± 32.9** |
| UA (mg/dL) | 28 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 21 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 4.9 ± 1.2 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 30 | 81.3 ± 24.5 | 83.1 ± 23.7 | 22 | 79.3 ± 25.1 | 77.4 ± 23.1 |
| UACR | 19 | 101.4 ± 220.9 | 70.4 ± 132.6 | 11 | 148.2 ± 285.8 | 111.2 ± 238.1* |
Values were shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.1, **P < 0.05 vs. baseline. HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-C: non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; UA: uric acid; UACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio.