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. 2022 Nov 4;23:100533. doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100533

Table 1.

Effect of variant and vaccination on emergency COVID-19 associated hospitalization or COVID-19 death for individuals sequenced in the community

Population characteristic Total sequenced cases Number of eventsa Adjusted hazard ratio 95% confidence interval Person-years of exposure
Sex Female 50,749 263 Reference NA 3205.0
Male 40,315 226 1.02 0.85–1.22 2566.0
COVID-19 variant BA.1 variant 48,322 183 Reference NA 3147.8
BA.2 variant 23,325 67 0.84 0.60–1.18 1298.3
Delta variant 13,896 168 2.33 1.39–3.90 931.7
Other variants 5521 71 2.47 1.46–4.18 393.6
Vaccination Statusb No vaccination 12,188 102 Reference NA 772.5
One vaccine dose 0-27 days before test 210 1 0.57 0.08–4.08 14.1
One vaccine dose >28 days before test 2751 17 0.85 0.51–1.42 174.2
Two vaccine doses 0-27 days before test 219 1 0.69 0.10–4.94 14.0
Two vaccine doses >28 days before test 27,977 167 0.47 0.36–0.61 1923.1
Three vaccine doses 0-27 days before test 6401 25 0.25 0.16–0.39 446.6
Three vaccine doses >28 days before test 41,318 176 0.52 0.39–0.70 2426.6
Number of pre-existing conditionsc No pre-existing Condition NA NA Reference NA NA
One condition 55,672 182 1.86 1.50–2.32 3713.0
Two conditions 24,101 153 2.90 2.19–3.84 1540.0
Three conditions 7230 74 5.89 4.17–8.33 392.0
Four conditions 2397 47 6.68 4.05–11.04 90.0
Five or more conditions 993 19 10.02 5.58–18.00 26.0
Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) Quintile (2020) 1 (lowest) 671 14 Reference NA 11.0
2 18,927 106 0.82 0.63–1.04 1185.0
3 16,843 83 0.71 0.54–0.93 1062.0
4 17,819 80 0.67 0.51–0.89 1136.0
5 (highest) 17,316 82 0.71 0.53–0.94 1136.0

Population characteristics shown in table comprise all covariates used in the Cox regression model. Effects are presented as adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals compared to the reference baseline of symptomatic infection with BA.1.

a

COVID-19 associated hospitalization or death was defined as either (i) a hospital admission from the community flagged as an emergency with a positive RT-PCR test in the 14 days prior to admission, or within 2 days following admission, or (ii) death with COVID-19 listed as a cause of death on the death certificate or death within 28 days of a positive community RT-PCR test.

b

Vaccination status includes Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S) vaccine, Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccine, and Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines. See Table S1 for comparison of vaccine status.

c

Number of existing conditions was determined using the QCOVID algorithm risk groups.