Table 2.
Distribution and interplay of partner-related autonomy constraints (n = 1886), weighted.
| RC | IPV during pregnancy | Lack of partner encouragement of ANC | Lack of partner encouragement of PNC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RC | ||||
| No (%) | 10.4 | 21.1 | 20.7 | |
| Yes (%) | 28.3 ∗∗∗ | 35.0 ∗∗ | 28.8 | |
| OR (95% CI) | 3.42 (2.20, 5.33) ∗∗∗ | 2.01 (1.25, 3.25) ∗∗ | 1.55 (0.88, 2.74) | |
| aOR (95% CI)a | 3.35 (2.14, 5.23) ∗∗∗ | 2.01 (1.24, 3.28) ∗∗ | 1.42 (0.81, 2.51) | |
| IPV during pregnancy | ||||
| No (%) | 9.0 | 20.9 | 20.4 | |
| Yes (%) | 25.2 ∗∗∗ | 34.5 ∗∗ | 29.6 ∗ | |
| OR (95% CI) | 3.41 (2.20, 5.33) ∗∗∗ | 1.98 (1.23, 3.20) ∗∗ | 1.63 (1.02, 2.60) ∗ | |
| aOR (95% CI)a | 3.34 (2.14, 5.23) ∗∗∗ | 1.82 (1.12, 2.96) ∗ | 1.52 (0.96, 2.40) | |
| Lack of partner encouragement of ANC | ||||
| No (%) | 9.2 | 10.4 | 11.9 | |
| Yes (%) | 16.9 ∗∗ | 18.8 ∗∗ | 54.8 ∗∗∗ | |
| OR (95% CI) | 2.01 (1.25, 3.25) ∗∗ | 1.98 (1.23, 3.20) ∗∗ | 8.99 (6.56, 12.30) ∗∗∗ | |
| aOR (95% CI)a | 2.05 (1.27, 3.31) ∗∗ | 1.84 (1.13, 2.99) ∗∗ | 6.76 (4.81, 9.50) ∗∗∗ | |
| Lack of partner encouragement of PNC | ||||
| No (%) | 9.9 | 11.1 | 13.0 | |
| Yes (%) | 14.6 | 16.9 ∗ | 57.4 ∗∗∗ | |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.55 (0.87, 2.74) | 1.63 (1.02, 2.60) ∗ | 8.99 (6.56, 12.30) ∗∗∗ | |
| aOR (95% CI)a | 1.45 (0.83, 2.54) | 1.52 (0.96, 2.41) | 6.69 (4.76, 9.41) ∗∗∗ | |
Row percentages reported; OR/aOR from svy: logistic regression model.
p-value ∗<0.05; ∗∗<0.01; ∗∗∗<0.001; bold indicates p < 0.05.
RC = reproductive coercion; IPV = intimate partner violence; ANC = antenatal care; PNC = postnatal care.
a
Adjusted for urban/rural residence, parity, education.