. 2022 Nov 4;5(11):e2240328. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.40328

Table. Differences in County Characteristics by Race, Holding DSH Payments Constant.

Characteristic	No.	Overall mean across counties (SD)	Difference in top quartile Black counties vs other counties, holding DSH funding constant (95% CI)^a	P value
Medicare DSH (2019)
Uncompensated care
Uncompensated care share, %^b	2354	8.1 (5.0)	2.0 (1.5-2.5)	<.001
Uninsured, %	2354	11.6 (5.0)	2.5 (2.0-2.9)	<.001
Population health
Premature mortality per 100 000, No. deaths^c	2352	403.7 (111.0)	75.8 (65.0-86.6)	<.001
Poor or fair health, %^d	2354	20.3 (4.8)	3.6 (3.1-4.1)	<.001
Medicaid DSH (2015)
Uncompensated care
Uncompensated care share, %^b	2377	7.9 (4.6)	1.4 (0.9-1.9)	<.001
Uninsured, %	2377	11.7 (4.9)	2.3 (1.8-2.7)	<.001
Population health
Premature mortality per 100 000, No. deaths^c	2372	391.9 (102.2)	64.2 (54.6-73.8)	<.001
Poor or fair health, %^d	2377	16.9 (4.6)	3.6 (3.1-4.0)	<.001

Abbreviation: DSH, Disproportionate Share Hospital.

^{^a}

Reflects ordinary least-squares regression with categorical control for quintiles of DSH payments in dollars per county resident across counties with nonzero DSH allocations. Counties receiving zero dollars in DSH payments were placed in their own category.

^{^b}

Mean uncompensated care costs as shared of operating expenses across hospitals in county weighted by number of hospital beds.

^{^c}

Number of deaths among residents younger than 75 years per 100 000 population (age adjusted).

^{^d}

Percentage of adults reporting fair or poor health (age adjusted).