Table 4.

Viruses, their host organisms and maintenance conditions.

Virus	Titer in exposure, PFU/ml	Host organism	Maintenance/growth conditions
Enveloped viruses
Mammalian viruses
SARS-CoV-2	5 × 105	Vero E6 cells (Growth medium: DMEM, 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin; grown at 37 °C and 5% CO2)	Virus growth medium: DMEM, 0.2% BSA, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin
TGEV	8.35 × 106	ST cells (Growth medium: DMEM, 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 37 °C 5% CO2)	Virus growth medium: DMEM, 0.2% BSA, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin
Influenza virus A/WSN/1933	6.65 × 104	MDCK-2 cells (Growth medium: DMEM, 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 37 °C 5% CO2)	Virus growth medium: DMEM, 0.2% BSA, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 1 µg/ml TPCK-treated trypsin
Bacteriophages
ɸ6	1 × 107	Pseudomonas sp. (Growth medium Tryptone Soy Broth TSB: 17 g/l casein peptone, 3 g/l soy peptone, 2.5 g/l glycose, 5 g/l NaCl, 2.5 g/l K2HPO4; 25 °C; for solid medium 15 g/l agar was added)	Phage maintenance medium: SM buffer (0.1 M NaCl, 8 mM MgSO4, 50 mM Tris–HCl; pH 7.5 Semisolid TSB top agar used for infection: 7 g/l agar added to TSB
Non-enveloped viruses
Mammalian viruses
EMCV	2.5 × 107	BHK-21 cells (Growth medium: GMEM, 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 2% TPB, 2% 1 M Hepes (pH 7.2), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 37 °C 5% CO2)	Virus growth medium: GMEM, 0.2% BSA, 2% 1 M Hepes (pH 7.2), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin
Bacteriophages
MS2	1 × 107	Escherichia coli (Growth medium NZCYM broth: 10 g/l casein hydrolysate, 5 g/l NaCl, 1 g/l casamino acids, 5 g/l yeast extract, 2 g/l MgSO4·7H2O, 2 g/l maltose 37 °C; for solid medium 15 g/l agar was added)	Phage maintenance medium: SM buffer (see above) Semisolid NZCYM top agar used for infection: 7 g/l agar added to NZCYM