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. 2022 Oct 7;14(10):e30033. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30033

Table 5. Risk of bias assessment of the included studies, using the ROBINS-I tool.

ROBINS-I = Risk Of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies Tool

Authors Study Design Confounding Selection participant Classification of intervention Missing data Outcome measurement Selection of reported result Overall risk of bias
Abadal Centellas et al., 2007 [29] Retrospective Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Low Low Moderate
Bauer et al., 2017 [31] Retrospective Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate Moderate
Levy et al., 1995 [32] Retrospective Moderate Low Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate
Llompart Pou et al., 2011 [33] Retrospective Moderate Moderate Low Moderate Moderate Low Moderate
Manet et al., 2016 [34] Retrospective Moderate Moderate Low Low Low Low Moderate
Manet et al., 2017 [35] Retrospective Moderate Low Low Moderate Moderate Low Moderate
Murad et al., 2012 [25] Prospective Moderate Low Moderate Low Low Low Moderate
Tuettenberg et al., 2009 [23] Prospective Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate
Willemse, 1998 [37] Retrospective Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate