Fig. 1.

OPN levels were higher in ever-smokers than in nonsmokers in patients with lung cancer. (A-E) Lung cancer tissue samples from ever-smokers and nonsmokers in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) GSE31210 dataset were analyzed for SIBLING expression. (F) Kaplan-Meier analysis determined levels of OPN expression and overall survival rates of patients with lung cancer. (G-I) The effects of CSE and B[α]P on OPN expression in A549-S and A549-L cells were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Densitometric analysis of protein expression normalized to β-actin. All values are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent samples. *p < 0.05 compared with parental expression.