Table 3.

Study characteristics

Authors	Year	Study type	Participant characteristics	Sample size	Relevant Outcome(s)	Intervention(s)	Comparison	Duration
Gundermann et al. [28]	2014	RCT	Healthy, recreationally active males	16	Skeletal muscle maintenance/loss	Sirolimus, 16 mg, once 1 h prior to exercise	Control	2 days
Dickinson et al. [29]	2011	RCT	Healthy, recreationally active	8	Skeletal muscle protein synthesis	Sirolimus, 16 mg, once 2 h following 1st muscle biopsy	Control	4 days (2 days for 2 trials)
Dickinson et al. [30]	2013	RCT	Healthy young males and females	6	Skeletal muscle maintenance/loss	Sirolimus, 16 mg, 2 h following 1st muscle biopsy	Control	4 days (2 days for 2 trials)
Drummond et al. [31]	2009	RCT	Healthy young males	15	Skeletal muscle maintenance/loss	Sirolimus, 12 mg, once 1 h after 1st muscle biopsy	Control	2 days
Veasey-Rodrigues et al. [32]	2013	Non-randomized clinical trial	Had documented advanced solid tumors	26	Skeletal muscle maintenance/loss	Temsirolimus, 25 mg IV, weekly	Baseline	8 weeks
Gyawali et al. [33]	2016	Cohort (retrospective)	Patients who had taken everolimus or Temsirolimus for at least 6 months as single drug therapy	20	Skeletal muscle maintenance/loss	Everolimus or Temsirolimus, single drug therapy for at least 6 months	Baseline	At least 6 months
Campistol et al. [23]	2005	RCT (secondary analysis)	Human renal transplant recipients	115	Bone metabolism	Sirolimus, dose adjusted to maintain blood trough concentrations at 30 ng//ml for 2 months, 15 ng/ml after 2 months  +  All received glucocorticosteriods Study A received Azathioprine additionally Study B received Mycophenolate additionally	Cyclosporin A (combination), dose adjusted to maintain blood trough concentrations at 200–400 mg/ml for 2 months, 100–200 ng/ml after 2 months	At least 24 weeks
Westenfeld et al. [24]	2011	Cross-sectional	Human renal transplant recipient (6–195 months after transplantation)	42	Bone metabolism	Triple therapy of steroids + Sirolimus + (Mycophenolate or Azathioprine), trough levels at 5–10 ng/ml	Calcineurin based triple therapy, (cyclosporine trough levels at 80–120 ng/ml, tacrolimus 8–12 ng/ml)
Sessa et al. [25]	2010	Cohort (prospective)	Human renal transplant recipients	24	Impact on prevalence factors for post-renal transplant osteopathy	Sirolimus (combination with Mycophenolate or steroid)	Multiple groups with different immunosuppressive protocols
Gnant et al. [26]	2013	RCT (exploratory analysis)	Postmenopausal women with metastatic or locally advanced, oestrogen positive HER2 breast cancer	724	Bone turnover	Everolimus, 10 mg, each day  +  Exemestane, 25 mg, each day	Placebo control (placebo + exemestane), 25 mg, each day	18 months
Hadji et al. [27]	2018	Non-randomized clinical trial (exploratory analysis)	Postmenopausal women with HR + , HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer	299	Bone turnover	Everolimus, 10 mg, each day  +  Exemestane, 25 mg, each day	Baseline	48 weeks
Bruyn et al. [34]	2007	RCT	Rheumatoid arthritis patients	121	Rheumatoid arthritis response	Everolimus, 6 mg, each day  +  Methotrexate  +  (NSAIDs and prednisone if stable dose)	Placebo control	3 months
Wen et al. [35]	2019	RCT	Rheumatoid arthritis patients	62	Rheumatoid arthritis response, Impact on immune cells	Sirolimus, 0.5 mg, once every two days  +  (Combination with other immunosuppressants based on participant)	Control (receiving other immunosuppressives)	24 weeks
Niu et al. [36]	2020	Non-randomized clinical trial	Rheumatoid arthritis patients	115	Rheumatoid arthritis response, Impact on immune cells	Sirolimus, 0.5 mg, once every two days  +  (Combination with other immunosuppressants based on participant)	RA patients under conventional treatment, Healthy volunteers	12 weeks