Table 2.
Summarizes the activities of different AD-MSCs and the MSC-derived paracrine factors as reviewed in [51,65].
| Paracrine factor | Activity on hair growth |
|---|---|
| VEGF | Improves perifollicular angiogenesis, resulting in increased size of HFs and shafts. |
| HGF | Activators enhance the proliferation of follicular epithelial cells |
| EGF | Improves the activity and growth of follicle outer-root sheath cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin flagging |
| PDGF and receptor | Induces and maintains anagen phase of hair cycle. |
| IL-6 | Is involved in wound-induced hair neogenesis through STAT3 activation |
| IGF-I | Improves the migration, survival, and proliferation of HF cells |
| IGFBP1–6 | Manage the effect of IGF-1 and its connection with ECM proteins at the HF level |
| TGF-β | Stimulates the signaling pathways that manage the hair cycle |
| KGF (FGF-10) | Stimulates proliferation and differentiation of early progenitor cells within HFs. Induces anagen phase in resting HFs. |
| FGF-1, FGF-2 | Induces anagen phase in resting HFs. |
| bFGF | Improves the advancement of HFs |
| BMP | Maintains the DPC phenotype |
| BMPR1a | Maintains the proper identity of DPCs |
| M-CSF and receptor | Is involved in wound-induced hair growth |
| Wnt3a | Is involved in HF advancement through β-catenin flagging |
| PGE2 | Stimulates anagen in HFs |
| PGF2α and analogs | Enhance the change from telogen to anagen. |