Figure 2.

CircSamd4 reduces mitochondrial ROS and oxidative injury in CMs

(A–C) CircSamd4 reduced the total cellular ROS (A) and mitochondrial ROS (B and C) levels in CMs. P1 CMs were transduced with Adv for 24 h and then incubated with H₂O₂ (20 μM) for 8 h. Total cellular ROS were detected by DCFH-DA staining. Mitochondrial ROS were detected by mitoSOX staining. ∗p < 0.05, n = 6. (D) CircSamd4 decreased the mitochondrial DNA content in P1 CMs treated with H₂O₂. ∗p < 0.05, n = 6. (E) CircSamd4 repressed mitochondrial crista maturation in P1 CMs treated with H₂O₂. The mitochondrial ultrastructure was detected by transmission electron microscopy. ∗p < 0.05, n = 6. (F and G) CircSamd4 alleviated DNA damage (F) and the DDR (G) induced by H₂O₂. ∗p < 0.05, n = 6. (H) CircSamd4 overexpression repressed the H₂O₂-induced decrease in the MMP. ∗p < 0.05, n = 6. JC-1 monomer, green; J-aggregate, red.