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Research instruments (survey items included in Appendix)
| Sources | Measures | Cronbach’s alpha |
|---|---|---|
| An et al. (2021) | Attitude (AT) towards online teaching | 0.92 |
| Mei et al. (2018) | Behavioural intention (BI) | 0.75 |
| Stockless (2017) | Perceived usefulness (PU) | 0.75 |
| Mohee and Perris (2021) | Training and support | 0.96 |
| Resources and infrastructure | 0.87 | |
| Powell et al. (2014) | Personal innovativeness | 0.95 |
| Howard et al. (2021) | Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) | 0.95 |
