Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of COVID-19 MS patients and control group
| MS | Control | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 17 | n = 17 | ||
| Gender; n (%) | |||
| Female | 11 (64.7) | 11 (64.7) | – |
| Male | 6(35.3) | 6 (35.3) | |
|
Age, years; Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
38.82 ± 7.68; 40 (23–51) |
38.91 ± 7.62; 40 (23–51) |
0.782* |
| MS disease type; n (%) | |||
| RRMS | 13 (76.5) | ||
| SPMS | 4 (23.5) | ||
|
MS disease duration, years Mean ± SD; median(min–max) |
9.9 ± 5.8;10 (2–22) | – | |
| ARR | 0.59 ± 0.45; 0.53 (0.10–2) | – | |
|
EDSS Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
2.35 ± 1.22; 2 (1–4.5) | – | |
| In treatment, n (%) | |||
| Glatiramer acetate | 2 (11.8) | – | |
| Interferon beta | 1 (5.9) | – | |
| Teriflunamide | 3 (17.6) | – | |
| Dimethyl fumarate | 2 (11.8) | – | |
| Fingolimod | 2 (11.8) | – | |
| Natalizumab | 1 (5.9) | – | |
| Ocrelizumab | 4 (23.5) | – | |
| Rituksimab | 2 (11.8) | – | |
|
Treatment duration, months Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
40.35 ± 32.60; 31 (6–119) |
– | – |
| COVID-19 severity | – | ||
| Mild | 12 (70.16) | 12 (70.16) | |
| Moderate | 3 (17.6) | 3 (17.6) | |
| Severe | 2 (11.8) | 2 (11.8) | |
|
Time between COVID-19 symptom onset and SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, days Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
79.65 ± 49.94; 65 (14–160) |
64.76 ± 47.74; 45 (22–162) |
0.397* |
| Antibody response distribution n (%) | |||
| IgM Antibody positive | 9 (52.9) | 14 (82.4) | 0.06** |
| IgM Antibody negative | 8 (47.1) | 3 (17.6) | |
| IgG Antibody positive | 9 (52.9) | 15 (88.2) | 0.02** |
| IgG Antibody negative | 8 (47.1) | 2 (11.8) | |
|
IgM antibody titer Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
3.11 ± 3.53; 1.56 (0–10.31) |
3.28 ± 2.83; 2.36 (0.02–9.06) |
0.642* |
|
IgG Antibody titer Mean ± SD; median (min–max) |
2.65 ± 3.11; 1.15 (0–11.14) |
4.76 ± 3.23; 4.17 (0.19–10.66) |
0.052* |
RRMS relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, SPMS secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, ARR annual relapse rate
*Mann–Whitney U test
**Chi-square test