Table 1:
Participant Characteristics (n=282a)
| BMI-discordant twins (n=94) | Unrelated, BMI-discordant pairs (n=94) | Group Difference BMI-discordant twins & unrelated pairs | BMI- similar twins (n=94) | Group Difference BMI-discordant twins & BMI- similar twins | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Age (mean ± SD; years) | 29.4 ± 3.5 | 28.5 ± 3.6 | p = 0.08 | 29.3 ± 3.5 | p = 0.71 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 5.6 | 28.1 ± 5.7 | p = 0.95 | 25.6 ± 4.1 | p < 0.001 |
| BMI Discordancy (kg/m2) | 6.7 ± 3.1 | 6.7 ± 3.1 | p = 0.98 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | p < 0.001 |
| Race (percent) | p = 0.002 | p = 0.02 | |||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0 | 9 (10%) | 7 (7%) | ||
| African American | 14 (15%) | 21 (22%) | 10 (11%) | ||
| Caucasian | 78 (83%) | 58 (62%) | 77 (82%) | ||
| Multiracial | 0 | 3 (3%) | 0 | ||
| Not Reported | 2 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 0 | ||
| Ethnicity (percent) | p = 0.003 | p = 0.51 | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 1 (1%) | 12 (13%) | 0 | ||
| Non-Hispanic/Latino | 91 (97%) | 82 (87%) | 93 (99%) | ||
| Not Reported | 2 (2%) | 0 | 1 (1%) | ||
| Zygosity (percent) | N/A | p = 1.0 | |||
| Monozygotic | 44 (47%) | N/A | 44 (47%) | ||
| Dizygotic | 50 (53%) | N/A | 50 (53%) | ||
| Gender (percent) | p =1.0 | p = 0.05 | |||
| Male | 32 (34%) | 32 (34%) | 46 (49%) | ||
| Female | 62 (66%) | 62 (66%) | 48 (51%) | ||
a
Total unique subjects across the three samples included in analyses
*
Significant group difference between the BMI-discordant twin sample and the unrelated, BMI-discordant pair sample or BMI-similar twin sample, as determined by t-test (age, BMI, BMI discordancy) or χ2 test (race, ethnicity, zygosity, gender) (p < 0.05)