Table 2.

Poisson regression analysis of factors influencing receipt of an antibiotic prescription

Characteristic (N=770)	Univariate regression		Multivariate regression
	cPR (95% CI)	P value	aPR (95% CI)	P value
Age in years
Children (<18)	2.8 (2.1 to 3.9)	<0.001	1.7 (1.3 to 2.2)	<0.001
Adults (18–59)	2.0 (1.4 to 2.7)	<0.001	1.5 (1.1 to 1.9)	0.004
Elderly (≥60)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Any medical procedure/surgery done
Yes	1.4 (1.1 to 1.9)	0.01	1.3 (0.8 to 2.0)	0.34
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Chronic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and pharyngitis—J31
Yes	2.2 (2.0 to 2.3)	<0.001	4.0 (2.4 to 6.4)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Other disorders of bladder—N32
Yes	2.2 (2.0 to 2.3)	<0.001	3.5 (2.5 to 4.8)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Disease of the pulp and periapical tissues—K04
Yes	2.2 (2.0 to 2.4)	<0.001	3.4 (2.3 to 4.8)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Infections of genitourinary tract in pregnancy—O23
Yes	2.2 (2.0 to 2.3)	<0.001	2.9 (2.1 to 4.0)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle—L02
Yes	2.2 (2.0 to 2.3)	<0.001	3.0 (1.9 to 4.9)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Acute pharyngitis—J02
Yes	1.8 (1.3 to 2.6)	0.002	2.7 (1.1 to 6.3)	0.03
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Acute tonsillitis—J03
Yes	2.1 (1.9 to 2.4)	<0.001	2.3 (1.8 to 3.0)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Acute URTI of multiple and unspecified sites—J06
Yes	1.8 (1.6 to 2.1)	<0.001	1.6 (1.3 to 1.9)	<0.001
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Candidiasis—B37
Yes	1.9 (1.5 to 2.4)	<0.001	1.6 (1.2 to 2.1)	0.002
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Prescriber qualification
Clinical officer/dental therapist	3.4 (2.1 to 5.5)	<0.001	1.9 (1.2 to 3.0)	0.005
Assistant medical/dental officer	3.5 (2.1 to 5.9)	<0.001	2.0 (1.1 to 3.4)	0.02
Medical/dental officer	2.2 (1.4 to 3.6)	0.001	1.6 (1.1 to 2.5)	0.03
Specialist	1.3 (0.8 to 2.1)	0.27	1.3 (0.8 to 1.9)	0.25
Consultant	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
All medications prescribed using their generic names
No	1.2 (1.0 to 1.4)	0.02	1.3 (1.1 to 1.5)	0.002
Yes	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Presence of injectable formulation in the prescription
Yes	1.4 (1.1 to 1.7)	0.003	1.4 (1.1 to 1.8)	0.004
No	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Level of health facility
Dispensary	2.5 (2.1 to 3.0)	<0.001	1.3 (0.9 to 1.8)	0.14
Health centre	2.1 (1.7 to 2.6)	<0.001	1.5 (1.1 to 2.0)	0.009
District hospital	2.4 (1.9 to 2.9)	<0.001	1.5 (1.1 to 1.9)	0.004
Regional referral hospital	1.1 (0.8 to 1.4)	0.77	1.0 (0.7 to 1.4)	0.97
National referral hospital	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Ownership of health facility
Public	0.7 (0.6 to 0.8)	<0.001	1.2 (1.0 to 1.4)	0.03
Private	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Department visited
Inpatient	1.5 (1.1 to 2.1)	0.007	2.0 (1.2 to 3.4)	0.01
Outpatient	1 (ref)		1 (ref)

aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio; cPR, crude prevalence ratio; ref, reference category; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection.