Table 4.
Antiviral prophylaxis and HBV reactivation in anti-HBcore-positive patients treated with b-ts-DMARDs
| Author-year/country | Patients (N) | Disease | Treatment | Prophylaxis N (%) | Reactivation N (%) | RoB |
| Lee et al16 148 2012/South Korea* | 468 patients (9 studies) | IA | TNFi | 0 (0)† | 8 (1.7) | Low quality |
| Harigai et al155 2020/Multi | 215 | RA | Baricitinib | 0 (0) | 4 (1.9) | 8 |
| Papalopoulos et al144 2018/Greece | 212 | AIIRD | bDMARDs | 8 (3.8) | 2 (2) | 8 |
| Lan et al101 2011/Taiwan | 88 | RA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 1/70‡ (1.4) | 8 |
| Charpin et al141 2009/France | 21 | IA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8 |
| Ahn et al138 2018/South Korea | 15 | RA | Tocilizumab | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 7 |
| Vassilopoulos et al103 2010/Greece | 19 | IMID | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 7 |
| Serling-Boyd et al154 2021/USA | 24 | AIIRD | Tocilizumab, Tofacitinib | 6 (25.0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Wang et al107 2021/Taiwan107 | 64 | RA | Tofacitinib | 0 (0) | 2 (3.1) | 6 |
| Kuo et al150 2020/Taiwan | 64 | RA | Tocilizumab | 0 (0) | 1 (1.6) | 6 |
| Chen et al108 2018/Taiwan | 75 | RA | Tofacitinib | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Chen et al98 2017/China | 41 | RA | Tocilizumab | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Gianniti et al142 2017/Italy | 131 | SpA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Padovan et al102 2016/Italy | 21 | RA | Abatacept | 4 (19.1) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Nakamura et al143 2016/Japan | 57§ | RA | bDMARDs | 0 (0) | 3 (5.3) | 6 |
| Biondo et al139 2014/Italy | 20 | IA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Giardina et al99 2013/Italy | 7 | IA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Caporalli et al140 2010/Italy | 67 | IA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Zhang et al145 2013/China | 41 | RA | Infliximab | 0 (0) | 0/30 (0) | 5 |
| Ye et al104 2014/China | 50 | IA | TNFi | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 |
| Chen et al156 2019/Taiwan | 103 | RA | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 9 (8.7) | 8 |
| Kuo et al150 2020/Taiwan | 50 | RA | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 4 (8) | 7 |
| Tien et al149 2017/Taiwan | 44 | RA | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 4 (9.1) | 7 |
| Varisco et al151 2016/Italy | 33 | RA | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 0 (0)¶ | 7 |
| Mitroulis et al147 2013/Greece | 12 | AIIRD | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 |
| Barone et al152 2021/Italy | 44 | AIIRD | Rituximab | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 |
*Meta-analysis.
†Prophylaxis was given only in 1 study with 19 patients.
‡18 patients were HBsAg-positive.
§Anti-core and/or anti-HBs (+).
¶3% became HBV-DNA (+).
AIIRD, autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases; bDMARDs, biological DMARDs; HBV, hepatitis B virus; IA, inflammatory arthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RoB, risk of bias; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SpA, Spondyloarthritis; TNFi, TNF-inhibitors; tsDMARDs, targeted synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.