Table 3.

Sample Medical Concepts Extracted by the Model and Subsequently Excluded According to the Flagged Criteria

Components	Sample concept 1	Sample concept 2	Sample concept 3	Sample concept 4	Sample concept 5
Text	Low back pain	Diabetes mellitus	Cancer	BMI	Dialysis
Start character	406	63	119	295	657
End character	419	80	132	298	669
Label	PROBLEM	PROBLEM	PROBLEM	TEST	TREATMENT
Negate	TRUE
Family			TRUE
Allergy
History		TRUE
Uncertain		TRUE			TRUE
Hypothetical
Laboratory value				32.73
Snippet	Patient denies lower back pain	Past medical history: has a past medical history of borderline diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure…	Family history: diabetes father, heart attack father, and cancer mother	Spo2 100% BMI 32.73 kg/m	If no improvement tomorrow will need to discuss whether this can be managed as nondialysis CKD V or whether dialysis will need to be considered
Note ID	X	X	X	X	X
Patient ID	X	X	X	X	X
CUI	C0024031	C0011849	C0006826	C0005893	C0011946
Entity	Back pain	Diabetes mellitus	Hx of cancer	Obesity	Renal disease
Category	Endocrine/other	Endocrine/other	Heme/onc	General	Renal

Highlighted cells correspond to medical concepts extracted by model that are excluded from the output based on flagged criteria (eg, negate, family, and hypothetical).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CKD‚ chronic kidney disease; CUI, concept unique identifier.