Fig. 1. Evolution of HER2 as a biomarker and target for treatment for breast cancer.
Timeline of preclinical discovery milestones for HER2 biology and regulatory approval for anti-HER2 therapies. A, adjuvant setting; M, metastatic setting; N, neoadjuvant setting; +, approved in China only; *, M. Bishop and H. Varmus awarded Nobel Prize in 1989 for this discovery; **, S. Cohen and R. Levi-Montalcini awarded Nobel Prize in 1986 for discovery of growth factors and their receptors.