. 2022 Nov 7;12(11):e12207. doi: 10.1002/clt2.12207

TABLE 2.

Studies investigating for causal association between puberty/sex hormones and asthma using MR

First author, year	Method	Cases No.	Active asthma	Quality score
Minelli et al. (2018) ²⁹		243,316 women and 192,067 men white aged 40‐69 years (UKB)	OR for asthma associated with early menarche versus normal menarche 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04–1.12) and late menarche versus normal menarche 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89–0.97).	12
Minelli et al. (2018) ²⁹		243,316 women and 192,067 men white aged 40‐69 years (UKB)	OR for asthma in men for early voice breaking 1.07 (95%CI: 1.00‐1.16) and for late voice breaking 0.93 (95%CI: 0.87‐0.99)	12
Arathimos et al. (2019) ³⁰	Two‐sample MR (IVW)	62,285 asthma cases and 414,783 controls of European ancestry	OR for asthma associated with genetically increased SHBG 0.86 (95% CI: 0.74–1.00)	10
Chen et al. (2020) ²⁸	2SLS regression	7246 Taiwan children age 11,12 and 17 years	OR for active asthma associated with early pubertal maturation 1.18 (95% CI: 1.08–1.28)	8

Abbreviations: 2SLS, Two stages Least Squares; CI, Confidence interval; IVW, Inverse variance Weighted; OR, Odds ratio; SHBG, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin; UKB, United Kingdom Biobank.