Table 3.
Linear association of WHR with lipid parameters.
| WHR | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1: coefficient (95% CI) | P | Model 2: coefficient (95% CI) | P | |
| Lipoprotein particle concentration | ||||
| VLDL particles | ||||
| Total | 0.024 (0.018 to 0.030) | <0.0001 | 0.010 (0.004 to 0.016) | 0.001 |
| Large | 0.021 (0.014 to 0.029) | <0.0001 | 0.0071 (0.0001 to 0.0141) | 0.047 |
| Medium | 0.022 (0.016 to 0.028) | <0.0001 | 0.008 (0.003 to 0.014) | 0.005 |
| Small | 0.024 (0.018 to 0.031) | <0.0001 | 0.010 (0.004 to 0.016) | 0.001 |
| Cholesterol | 0.005 (0.003 to 0.007) | <0.0001 | 0.0012 (-0.0005 to 0.0029) | 0.16 |
| Triglyceride | 0.028 (0.021 to 0.036) | <0.0001 | 0.012 (0.005 to 0.019) | 0.0009 |
| IDL particles | ||||
| Cholesterol | 0.002 (-0.0003 to 0.003) | 0.10 | -0.0001 (-0.0017 to 0.0016) | 0.94 |
| Triglyceride | 0.004 (0.001 to 0.007) | 0.012 | 0.001 (-0.002 to 0.004) | 0.45 |
| LDL particles | ||||
| Total | 0.001 (-0.007 to 0.009) | 0.78 | 0.001 (-0.006 to 0.008) | 0.80 |
| Large | 0.002 (-0.006 to 0.010) | 0.56 | 0.003 (-0.004 to 0.010) | 0.41 |
| Medium | -0.002 (-0.010 to 0.006) | 0.60 | -0.0004 (-0.0072 to 0.0064) | 0.91 |
| Small | 0.002 (-0.006 to 0.010) | 0.58 | 0.001 (-0.006 to 0.008) | 0.76 |
| Cholesterol | -0.001 (-0.008 to 0.006) | 0.83 | 0.0004 (-0.0055 to 0.0063) | 0.90 |
| Triglyceride | 0.001 (-0.002 to 0.003) | 0.57 | 0.0005 (-0.0015 to 0.0024) | 0.64 |
| HDL particles | ||||
| Total | -0.011 (-0.018 to -0.004) | 0.003 | -0.006 (-0.012 to 0.000) | 0.039 |
| Large | -0.001 (-0.006 to 0.004) | 0.72 | -0.0004 (-0.0047 to 0.0039) | 0.85 |
| Medium | -0.013 (-0.020 to -0.007) | <0.0001 | -0.007 (-0.013 to -0.002) | 0.013 |
| Small | -0.009 (-0.016 to -0.002) | 0.011 | -0.0057 (-0.0116 to 0.0003) | 0.063 |
| Cholesterol | -0.034 (-0.045 to -0.023) | <0.0001 | -0.016 (-0.026 to -0.006) | 0.002 |
| Triglyceride | 0.004 (0.002 to 0.006) | 0.001 | 0.0016 (-0.0002 to 0.0033) | 0.081 |
| Particle size | ||||
| VLDL | -0.026 (-0.036 to -0.015) | <0.0001 | -0.016 (-0.026 to -0.007) | 0.0005 |
| LDL | -0.017 (-0.049 to 0.015) | 0.30 | 0.010 (-0.017 to 0.037) | 0.47 |
| HDL | -0.330 (-0.482 to -0.178) | <0.0001 | -0.107 (-0.241 to 0.028) | 0.12 |
| Conventional lipid measures | ||||
| Total cholesterol | 0.021 (-0.002 to 0.043) | 0.068 | 0.015 (-0.004 to 0.034) | 0.13 |
| LDL cholesterol | 0.015 (0.000 to 0.030) | 0.049 | 0.007 (-0.005 to 0.020) | 0.25 |
| HDL cholesterol | -0.043 (-0.059 to -0.027) | <0.0001 | -0.011 (-0.026 to 0.004) | 0.14 |
| Remnant cholesterol | 0.027 (0.018 to 0.035) | <0.0001 | 0.009 (0.001 to 0.017) | 0.024 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol | 0.030 (0.015 to 0.045) | 0.0001 | 0.0128 (-0.0005 to 0.0260) | 0.059 |
| Triglyceride | 0.027 (0.018 to 0.036) | <0.0001 | 0.009 (0.001 to 0.017) | 0.027 |
For model 1, coefficients were adjusted for sex, age, current smoking, current alcohol assumption, blood glucose, while for model 2 coefficients were additionally adjusted for BMI. Coefficients were calculated for a doubling of the lipid concentration or 1 nm increment of the averaged lipoprotein particle size. Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio.