Table 2.
Study site characteristics.
| Demographic variable | n |
|---|---|
| Study population | 8,205 |
| Males | 3,389 |
| Females | 4,312 |
| Mean age in years (range) | 29 (0–105) |
| Occupation | n |
| Farmer | 1,153 |
| Student | 3,745 |
| Other occupation | 997 |
| No occupation | 3,745 |
| Ethnic groups in Malaysia | n |
| Bajau | 752 |
| Dusun | 4,137 |
| Other | 1,135 |
| Rungus | 2,091 |
| Environmental variable | Mean (range) |
| Population density (per km2) | 1.8 (0–183.4) |
| Elevation (meters above sea level) | 166.4 (4.0–1,258.0) |
| NDVI | 0.5 (-0.2 to 0.9) |
| Average temperature, 1970–2000 (°C) | 26.7 (21.5–27.5) |
| Mean diurnal range, 1970–2000 (°C) | 8.2 (7.00–10.3) |
| Maximum temperature of warmest month, 1970–2000 (°C) | 31.9 (28.1–32.8) |
| Minimum temperature of coldest month, 1970–2000 (°C) | 21.5 (14.8–22.9) |
| Precipitation of the wettest month. 1970–2000 (mm) | 2,417 (2,167–2,754) |
| Precipitation seasonality, 1970–2000 (coefficient of variation) | 44.1 (16.9–59.5) |
| Distance to intact forest (m) | 3,647 (0–19,836) |
| Distance to irrigated farmland (m) | 2,794 (0–23,716) |
| Distance to oil palm plantation (m) | 1098 (0–20,940) |