Table 2.

Effectiveness versus ineffectiveness of different intervention modes on social connectedness, identified in the underlying primary studies of the review papers (n=321).

Study intervention	Effective, n (%)	Ineffective, n (%)
3D or augmented reality (N=1)	1 (100)	0 (0)
Video gaming (N=4)	3 (75)	1 (25)
Videoconferencing (N=14)	11 (78)	3 (22)
Robotics (N=22)	16 (73)	6 (27)
Telecare (N=34)	22 (65)	12 (35)
SNSa (N=61)	30 (49)	31 (51)
Computer training (N=66)	39 (59)	27 (41)
ICTb (N=119)	86 (72)	33 (28)

^aSNS: social networking site.

^bICT: information and communications technology.