Table 4.

Prevalence and treatment of infectious diseases, hospitalization, vaccination, absence from work due to infectious disease, and ICARO score in controls, in patients with hypocortisolism, and in the subgroups of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) and secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI). Categorical variables are expressed as percentages and frequencies. Continuous variable is expressed as median (25th–75th percentile).

	Controls (n = 570)	Hypocortisolism (n = 135)	P*	PAI (n = 32)	P*	SAI (n = 103)	P*	P§
Upper respiratory tract infections	75% (429/570)	76% (103/135)	1.000	72% (23/32)	1.000	78% (80/103)	0.907	0.663
Antimicrobials	36% (154/429)	37% (38/103)	1.000	48% (11/23)	0.739	30% (24/80)	0.900	0.112
Lower respiratory tract infections	11% (64/570)	13% (17/135)	0.992	19% (6/32)	0.714	11% (11/103)	1.000	0.327
Antimicrobials	73% (47/64)	76.5% (13/17)	1.000	83% (5/6)	1.000	73% (8/11)	1.000	0.622
Gastrointestinal tract infections	32.5% (185/570)	50% (68/135)	0.013	53% (17/32)	0.110	49.5% (51/103)	0.015	0.721
Antimicrobials	18% (33/185)	13% (9/68)	0.842	23.5% (4/17)	1.000	10% (5/51)	0.405	0.302
Skin infections 1	25% (142/570)	28% (38/135)	0.848	41% (13/32)	0.262	24% (25/103)	0.984	0.116
Antimicrobials	39% (55/142)	47% (18/38)	0.797	38.5% (5/13)	1.000	40% (10/25)	0.835	0.927
Skin infections 2	15% (88/570)	13% (18/135)	0.892	9% (3/32)	0.841	15% (15/103)	1.000	0.648
Antimicrobials	27% (24/88)	44% (8/18)	0.598	33% (1/3)	1.000	47% (7/15)	0.387	0.671
Mycosis	11% (63/570)	22% (30/135)	0.012	22% (7/32)	0.359	22% (23/103)	0.020	0.957
Antimicrobials	81% (51/63)	83% (25/30)	1.000	86% (6/7)	1.000	83% (19/23)	1.000	0.847
Sexually transmitted infections	2% (9/570)	2% (3/135)	1.000	3% (1/32)	1.000	2% (2/103)	1.000	0.692
Antimicrobials	56% (5/9)	33% (1/3)	1.000	0% (0/1)	1.000	50% (1/2)	1.000	1.000
Urinary tract infections	15% (86/570)	30% (41/135)	0.030	38% (12/32)	0.015	28% (29/103)	0.033	0.433
Antimicrobials	76% (65/86)	61% (25/41)	0.393	33% (4/12)	0.062	69% (20/29)	1.000	0.079
Flu	42% (240/570)	45% (61/135)	0.515	50% (16/32)	0.379	44% (45/103)	0.825	0.531
Hospitalization due to infectious disease	1% (5/570)	1.5% (2/135)	1.000	0% (0/32)	1.000	2% (2/103)	0.906	0.427
Vaccination	20% (112/570)	21.5% (29/135)	0.960	31.% (10/32)	0.453	19% (19/103)	1.000	0.196
Absence from work due to infectious disease	10% (56/570)	13% (17/135)	0.787	6% (2/32)	0.950	15% (15/103)	0.461	0.351
ICARO score	9.5 (6–13)	11.5 (8–15)	0.038	11.75 (9.5–19.75)	0.021	11 (7.5–15)	0.067	0.123

After correction for multiple testing, P < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference (bold).

^*P values for comparisons with controls; ^§P values for comparisons between PAI and SAI.