TABLE 1.

Reported ocular complications of viral infections and corresponding vaccine.

Varicella zoster virus
Primary VZV infection	Acute anterior uveitis, recurrent granulomatous/non-granulomatous anterior uveitis, keratitis, ARN.
Reactivation	HZO: eyelid hyperemia, eyelid edema, skin rash, ptosis, decreased palpebral motility, lagophthalmos, conjunctivitis, superimposed infections, symblepharon, mechanical entropion, corneal surface epithelial keratitis, MPK, disciform keratitis, endothelitis, neurotrophic keratitis, exposure keratitis, corneal ulceration, corneal perforation, corneal scars, corneal neovascularization, scleritis, episcleritis, anterior uveitis, cataracts, iris damage with sectoral atrophy, synechiae, trabeculitis, secondary glaucoma, optic neuritis, paralysis of the cranial nerves, retinal detachment, ARN.
Varicella zoster vaccines
Varivax®	Anterior uveitis, keratitis.
Zostavax®	Keratitis, corneal perforation, anterior uveitis, ARN.
Shingrix®	Inflammatory eye diseases, ARN, uveitis recurrence.
Measles virus
Conjunctivitis with papillary reaction, punctate superficial keratitis, subconjunctival bleeding, corneal ulceration, corneal perforation, leukoma, chorioretinitis, CRVO, optic neuritis, optic atrophy, retinal vasculitis, macular RPE anomalies, macular edema, macular hemorrhage, ILM contracture, serous macular detachment, atrophy of the RPE.
Measles vaccine
Oculomotor palsy, acute photoreceptor degeneration.
Influenza virus
Retinitis with submacular hemorrhage, macular edema, perifoveal edema with star-like pattern, angiopathy, uveal effusion syndrome (conjunctival congestion, tenderness, pain exacerbated by eye movement, choroidal and subretinal exudation), ischemic retinopathy.
Influenza virus vaccine
Optic neuritis, MEWDS, APMPPE, corneal graft rejection.
Hepatitis B virus
Retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, paralysis of the third cranial nerve with pupil-sparing, uveitis.
HBV vaccine
Uveitis, MEWDS, APMPPE, CRVO, papilledema, optic neuritis.
SARS-CoV-2
Conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, ophthalmoparesis with abducens nerve palsies, acute corneal endothelial graft rejection, viral-induced retinitis, optic neuritis.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Facial nerve palsy, abducens nerve palsy, optic neuritis, AAION, eyelid swelling, eyelid purpuric lesions, HZO, corneal graft rejection, acute anterior uveitis, panuveitis, multifocal choroiditis, AZOOR, reactivation of VKH Disease, AMN, CSC, retinal detachment, vascular thrombosis.

Since sporadic cases are reported, it is not always possible to establish a certain correlation between the ocular manifestation and the administration of the vaccine. AAION, arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; AMN, acute macular neuroretinopathy; APMPPE, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy; ARN, acute retinal necrosis; AZOOR, acute zonal occult outer retinopathy; CRVO, central retinal vein occlusions; CSC, central serous chorioretinopathy; HZO, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; ILM, internal limiting membrane; MEWDS, multiple evanescent with dot syndrome; MPK, mucous plaques keratitis; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; VKH, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada.