Figure 8. KLF4 regulation of cartilage ECM genes through the RAP1-related signaling axis.

TC28a2 cells were transfected with an expression vector encoding KLF4 or an empty vector. Then, cells were treated with GGTI-298 (A), H89 (B), U0126 (C) or 666–15 (D), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). RNA was collected 48 hours after transfection (n=6 from six independent experiments). mRNA levels are expressed as means±SE, relative to empty vector-transfected samples with DMSO as controls. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, Sidak’s multiple comparison test. Results of two-way mixed-effects ANOVA test are shown in supplementary table 2.