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. 2022 Nov 9;189(12):443. doi: 10.1007/s00604-022-05533-w

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

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Fig. 13 — (a) Schematic illustration of an aptamer-based lateral flow assay for detection of CRP. Reproduced with permission from [177], Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. (b) A POCT method for on-site and visual detection of streptomycin by smartphones. Reproduced with permission from [179], Copyright 2018 Elsevier. (c) Target-responsive hydrogel pressure-based assay for POCT. Reproduced with permission from [183], Copyright 2017 American Chemical Society. (d) A multiplexed bar-chart chip for visual quantitative detection of multiple pathogens. Reproduced with permission from [185], Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society