Table 4.
Baseline demographic, lifestyle, and medical characteristics of participants in Analysis 2
| Improving symptoms group n = 5716 |
Symptom- free group n = 12 145 |
Worsening symptoms group n = 6309 |
sig. Free vs. improving |
sig. Worsening vs. improving |
sig. Worsening vs. free |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, years ± SD | 65.39 (10.04) | 65.47 (9.99) | 65.40 (10.15) | 0.969 | 0.998 | 0.969 |
| Sex, %F | 47.81 | 47.8 | 59.6 | 0.975 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| English, % | 78.9 | 78.8 | 78.4 | 0.969 | 0.576 | 0.835 |
| Caucasian, % | 96.0 | 95.7 | 95.8 | 0.566 | 0.835 | 0.835 |
| >12 years education, % | 86.2 | 86.9 | 84.2 | 0.567 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Income >50,000$, % | 71.3 | 71.4 | 64.8 | 0.969 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Health & lifestyle factors | ||||||
| BMI, kg m2, SD | 27.9 (5.1) | 27.8 (5.1) | 28.1 (5.5) | 0.689 | 0.665 | .044 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg ± SD | 121.0 (16.5) | 120.6 (16.3) | 120.8 (16.7) | 0.567 | 0.894 | 0.969 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg ± SD | 74.3 (9.9) | 73.9 (9.7) | 73.5 (10.1) | 0.148 | <.001 | 0.058 |
| Smoker, % | 5.5 | 5.6 | 7.9 | 0.969 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Alcohol≥4 times per week, % | 26.4 | 27.0 | 25.7 | 0.665 | 0.053 | <.0001 |
| Cancer, % | 15.1 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 0.518 | 0.802 | 0.145 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 8.7 | 7.8 | 9.8 | 0.847 | 0.871 | 0.265 |
| Current anxiety disorder, % | 6.8 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 0.512 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Current or history of depression, % | 14.1 | 14.0 | 20.6 | 0.969 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| CESD score ± SD | 4.3 (4.9) | 4.3 (4.8) | 6.7 (6.1) | 0.975 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Chronic pain, % | 31.4 | 31.9 | 44.1 | 0.835 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Other sleep-related issues | ||||||
| Daytime sleepiness, % | 36.2 | 35.7 | 43.2 | 0.9975 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Breathing stops in sleep, % | 14.4 | 14.1 | 15.0 | 0.835 | 0.488 | 0.145 |
| Acting out on dreams while asleep, % | 10.0 | 10.3 | 12.6 | 0.835 | <.001 | <.0001 |
| Uncomfortable feelings or sensations in the legs, or urges to move their legs while sitting or lying down, % | 14.5 | 14.3 | 20.4 | 0.969 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Taking sleep-related medication, % | 7.1 | 6.8 | 10.1 | 0.736 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Taking hypnotic medication, % | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 0.807 | .008 | <.0001 |
| Taking antidepressant medication, % | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.998 | 0.171 | 0.084 |
| Taking antipsychotic medication, % | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.856 | 0.975 | 0.835 |
| Taking antiepileptic medication, % | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.4 | .043 | 0.577 | <.001 |
| Taking antihistamine medication, % | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.835 | 0.176 | 0.219 |
| Taking analgesic medication, % | 3.1 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 0.917 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
CESD, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure.
Tukey’s honest significance test or χ 2 test, as appropriate. All analyses are FDR adjusted to correct for multiple comparisons.
Bold and italicized text refers to values that pass the FDR adjusted threshold for statistical significance.