Table 2.
Comparison of Outcomes Between Treatment Groups.
| Change of outcome measures from baseline | LIFE diet group (n = 7) |
Smoothie group (n = 9) |
P value a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | P value b | Mean (SD) | P value b | ||
| Change of beta-carotene | 23.2 (19.1) | .02 | 20.6 (16.5) | .006 | .78 |
| Change of CRP | −0.47 (0.38) | .02 | −1.2 (1.5) | .04 | .18 |
| Change of HbA1C | −0.02 (0.18) | .83 | NA | NA | NA |
| Change of CO2 | 0.71 (3.35) | .59 | 1.89 (2.62) | .06 | .44 |
| Change of UpH | 0.43 (1.02) | .31 | 0.14 (1.07) | .74 | .62 |
| Change of GFR | 2.57 (10.4) | .54 | 0.88 (5.03) | .64 | .69 |
| Change of BUN | −2.7 (5.3) | .22 | −2.0 (3.57) | .13 | .75 |
| Change of Cr | −0.01 (0.11) | .87 | −0.01 (0.06) | .69 | .99 |
| Change of BUN-Cr ratio | −3.1 (6.69) | .26 | −2.3 (3.77) | .10 | .76 |
| Change of ferritin | −14 (15.3) | .11 | −29 (52.6) | .17 | .57 |
| Change of WBC | −45 (0.52) | .06 | 0.29 (1.11) | .46 | .13 |
Abbreviations: LIFE, Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday diet; CRP, C-reactive protein; UpH, urinary pH; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CR, creatinine; WBC, white blood cell.
a
To test whether the difference between 2 treatment groups is statistically significant or not using 2-sample t test.
b
To test whether there is statistically significant change from baseline using paired t test.