Table 1.
Characteristics and outcomes of the HIV-negative CM patients with and without acute/subacute cerebral infarctions (ASCI)
| Variable | With infarct (n = 14) | Without infarct (n = 39) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years, median (range)] | 49 (42, 69) | 61 (41, 67) | 0.610 |
| Male:Female | 8:6 | 28:11 | 0.317 |
| Clinical features [n (%)] | |||
| Fever | 8 (57.1%) | 24 (61.5%) | 0.773 |
| Headache | 10 (71.4%) | 31 (79.5%) | 0.538 |
| Vomiting | 7 (50.0%) | 14 (35.9%) | 0.358 |
| Consciousness disturbance | 9 (64.3%) | 7 (17.9%) | 0.002 |
| GCS score | 14 (6, 15) | 15 (15, 15) | 0.015 |
| Cerebral hernia | 2 (14.3%) | 0 | – |
| Cranial nerve deficits | 2 (14.3%) | 4 (28.6%) | 0.684 |
| Seizures | 1 (7.1%) | 2 (5.1%) | 0.781 |
| Neck resistance | 11 (78.6%) | 20 (51.3%) | 0.086 |
| Duration of symptoms [n (%)] | |||
| < 1 month | 11 (78.6%) | 28 (71.8%) | 0.559 |
| 1–3 months | 2 (14.3%) | 6 (15.4%) | |
| > 3 months | 1 (7.1%) | 5 (12.8) | |
| ASCI diagnostic time [days, median (range)] | 11 (5, 23) | – | – |
| CSF data [median (range)] | |||
| Pressure (mmH2O) | 219 (118.75, 300) | 260 (170, 300) | 0.439 |
| WBC (cells/μL) | 106 (44.25, 245.50) | 101 (28, 184) | 0.628 |
| TP (g/L) | 1.48 (0.99, 1.80) | 1.07 (0.74, 1.78) | 0.193 |
| GLU (mmol/L) | 1.63 (0.93, 2.55) | 1.97 (1.10, 2.42) | 0.716 |
| CL (mmol/L) | 113 (106.95, 117.40) | 112.4 (109.0,119.2) | 0.724 |
| Treatment | |||
| Treatment time [days, median (range)] | 15.5 (5.5, 45.3) | 14.0 (5, 23) | 0.343 |
| Liposome Amphotericin B [n (%)] | 10 (71.4%) | 27 (69.2%) | 0.878 |
| Fluconazole [n (%)] | 8 (57.1%) | 23 (59%) | 0.905 |
| 5-Fluorocytosine [n (%)] | 6 (42.9%) | 17 (43.6%) | 0.827 |
| Voriconazole [n (%)] | 1 (7.1%) | 3 (7.7%) | 0.947 |
| MRI finding [n (%)] | |||
| Meningeal inflammation | 10 (71.4%) | 27 (69.2%) | 0.878 |
| Hydrocephalus | 7 (50%) | 8 (20.5%) | 0.036 |
| Posterior fossa exudates | 10 (71.4%) | 14 (35.9%) | 0.030 |
| Cryptococcoma | 0 | 1 (2.6%) | – |
| Poor outcome [n (%)] | 9 (64.3%) | 5 (12.8%) | 0.001 |
CSF cerebrospinal fluid, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, N case number, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, CM Cryptococcal meningitis, WBC white blood cell, TP total protein, GLU glucose, CL chloride