Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the normal and the symptomatic mental stress groups (N = 334).
| Clinical characteristics | Normal BSRS-5 ≤ 5 (N = 300) | Mental stress BSRS-5 > 5 (N = 34) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| BSRS-5 scores | 1.36 ± 1.76 | 7.53 ± 1.56 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 270 [90.0] | 32 [94.1] | 0.43 |
| Female | 30 [10.0] | 2 [5.9] | |
| Age (years) | 32.74 ± 4.86 | 31.47 ± 4.00 | 0.14 |
| Education level | |||
| Senior high school | 17 [5.7] | 2 [5.9] | 0.62 |
| College/University degree | 275 [91.7] | 32 [94.1] | |
| Postgraduate degree | 8 [2.7] | 0 [0.0] | |
| Tooth brushing ≥ 2 times per day | 272 [90.7] | 30 [88.2] | 0.64 |
| Physical activity | |||
| Never or occasionally | 54 [18.0] | 8 [23.5] | < 0.001 |
| 1–2 times per week | 120 [40.0] | 24 [70.6] | |
| ≥ 3–5 times per week | 126 [42.0] | 2 [5.9] | |
| Active cigarette smoker | 102 [34.0] | 10 [29.4] | 0.59 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.14 ± 12.23 | 122.50 ± 11.79 | 0.53 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.47 ± 9.77 | 74.47 ± 10.01 | 0.57 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.80 ± 3.21 | 25.30 ± 2.60 | 0.38 |
| Obesity | 93 [32.3] | 9 [26.5] | 0.47 |
| Overweight | 110 [36.7] | 11 [32.4] | |
| Normal weight | 93 [31.0] | 14 [41.2] | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.90 ± 8.63 | 85.04 ± 5.96 | 0.57 |
| Blood test | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 181.20 ± 34.19 | 176.88 ± 36.82 | 0.48 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 48.93 ± 10.56 | 44.35 ± 9.41 | 0.01 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 109.17 ± 32.37 | 105.71 ± 31.68 | 0.55 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dL) | 132.61 ± 94.54 | 154.79 ± 99.63 | 0.19 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 93.02 ± 15.06 | 98.26 ± 23.41 | 0.07 |
| Leucocyte count (109/L) | 6.92 ± 1.60 | 7.04 ± 1.45 | 0.67 |
| *DMFT index [median (25th, 75th)] | 4 (1, 7) | 3 (1.75, 6.50) | 0.10 |
| Range (min–max) | (0–16) | (0–14) | |
| Decayed teeth (numbers) | 0.54 ± 1.33 | 0.93 ± 1.08 | 0.12 |
| Missing teeth (numbers) | 1.27 ± 1.58 | 1.13 ± 0.97 | 0.65 |
| Filled teeth (numbers) | 5.32 ± 3.84 | 4.67 ± 3.92 | 0.38 |
| Localized stage II and III periodontitis | 84 [28.0] | 10 [24.9] | 0.86 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD (standard deviation), and categorical variables as N [%].
BSRS-5 brief symptom rating scale-5, DMFT decayed, missing and filled teeth numbers, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
*DMFT index was presented as median (25%, 75%) for the distribution skewed to left.