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. 2022 Oct 27;13:1027472. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027472

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, Xiong, Fu, Guo, Zaky, Lin and Wu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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miRNAs regulate apoptosis after Mtb infection. miRNAs participate in apoptosis via apoptosis regulatory molecules after Mtb infection, and miRNAs are mainly involved in mitochondria-led apoptosis. Bcl-2 family proteins are the major regulators that control the release of mitochondria-associated apoptotic factors. Bax, Bim, and Bak are pro-apoptotic proteins that activate apoptotic pathways, while Bcl-2 plays an anti-apoptotic role. Mtb can regulate the mitochondria-led apoptosis of host cells by selectively regulating miRNA expression, thereby ensuring its intracellular replication and proliferation. “Increase” represents the upregulation of miRNAs, “Decrease” represents the downregulation of miRNAs. “Induce” represents miRNAs promote gene expression, “Inhibit” represents miRNAs suppress gene expression.