Table 1. Clinical Characteristics of the Population.
| Variable | Participants, No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 3972) | No persistent symptoms (n = 3111) | Persistent symptoms (n = 861)a | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 50.9 (12.7) | 50.7 (12.8) | 51.5 (12.5) | .07 |
| Female sex | 2531 (63.7) | 1882 (60.5) | 649 (75.4) | <.001 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 258 (6.5) | 176 (5.7) | 82 (9.5) | <.001 |
| Anxiety or depression | 94 (2.4) | 57 (1.8) | 37 (4.3) | <.001 |
| Cancer | 163 (4.1) | 108 (3.5) | 55 (6.4) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 264 (6.6) | 198 (6.4) | 66 (7.7) | .20 |
| Diabetes | 73 (1.8) | 50 (1.6) | 23 (2.7) | .06 |
| Chronic cardiologic disorder | 71 (1.8) | 52 (1.7) | 19 (2.2) | .37 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 24.4 (4.3) | 24.3 (4.2) | 24.7 (4.7) | .03 |
| History of tobacco consumption | 1911 (48.1) | 1454 (46.7) | 457 (53.1) | <.003 |
| No. of symptoms at the acute phase, mean (SD) | 3.1 (3.2) | 2.3 (2.7) | 5.8 (3.1) | <.001 |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared).
a
Persistent symptoms defined by the presence of at least 1 symptom at 2 or more months after the acute phase of the infection.