Table 2.
Characteristics of the sample with complete data at 14 years of age, according to risk-taking split at the median (n = 8628)
| Characteristic | Sample overall | Risk-takinga | pb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 4515) | High (n = 4113) | |||
| Mean parent depressive symptoms score (s.d.), range 0–24 | 4.08 (5.67) | 4.07 (5.49) | 4.09 (4.82) | 0.80 |
| Mean adolescent vocabulary score (s.d.), range 0–19 | 7.39 (4.72) | 7.38 (4.34) | 7.01 (4.17) | <0.0001 |
| Lowest income quintile | 1056 (9%) | 477 (8%) | 579 (10%) | <0.0001 |
| Compulsory maternal education | 3672 (46%) | 1976 (47%) | 1696 (45%) | 0.018 |
| Ethnic minority | 1138 (9%) | 531 (9%) | 607 (10%) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 4354 (50%) | 2724 (61%) | 1630 (38%) | <0.0001 |
| In female sub-sample (n = 4354): stage of breast developmentc | ||||
| Not yet started | 49 (1%) | 26 (1%) | 23 (1%) | |
| Barely started | 897 (19%) | 560 (19%) | 337 (19%) | |
| Definitely started | 2962 (69%) | 1865 (70%) | 1097 (68%) | |
| Seems completed | 445 (11%) | 273 (10%) | 172 (11%) | 0.50 |
| In male sub-sample (n = 4274): stage of facial hair development | ||||
| Not yet started | 851 (21%) | 321 (19%) | 530 (22%) | |
| Barely started | 1865 (44%) | 799 (44%) | 1066 (43%) | |
| Definitely started | 1474 (34%) | 640 (35%) | 834 (33%) | |
| Seems completed | 84 (2%) | 31 (2%) | 53 (2%) | 0.029 |
Data are mean (s.d.) or n (%)
Ns are unweighted; means, standard deviations and percentages are weighted to be representative of the sample overall.
a
Split at the median value for risk-taking, 52.
b
p Value for the comparison between low- and high-risk-taking obtained from t tests for continuous characteristics and χ2 tests for categorical characteristics.
cData on puberty missing for one female adolescent.