Table 4.
Psychiatric comorbidity
PTSD | CPTSD | CPTSD | PTSD | CPTSD | CPTSD | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disorder Total N = 221 | No PTSD/CPTSD N = 167 | PTSD N = 17 | CPTSD N = 37 | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | aORb | 95% CI | aORc | 95% CI | aORc | 95% CI | aORd | 95% CI |
Anxiety (n = 72) | 35 (48.6) | 11 (15.3) | 26 (36.1) | 6.9 | 2.4–20.0 | 8.9 | 4.0–19.8 | 7.5 | 3.3–17.1 | 6.9 | 2.0–23.5 | 3.4 | 1.2–9.4 | 1.1 | 0.3–4.0 |
Not present (n = 149) | 132 (88.6) | 6 (4) | 11 (7.4) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Depression (n = 69) | 38 (55) | 6 (8.7) | 25 (36.2) | 1.8 | 0.6–5.3 | 7.1 | 3.2–15.4 | 5.7 | 2.5–13.0 | 0.7 | 0.2–2.6 | 2.7 | 1.1–7.1 | 3.6 | 0.98–13.0 |
Not present (n = 152) | 129 (84.9) | 11 (7.2) | 12 (7.9) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Alcohol dependence (n = 58) | 36 (62.1) | 8 (13.8) | 14 (24.1) | 3.2 | 1.2–9.0 | 2.2 | 1.0–4.7 | 1.6 | 0.7–3.6 | 1.2 | 0.3–4.3 | 0.6 | 0.2–1.6 | 0.5 | 0.2–1.9 |
Not present (n = 163) | 131 (80.4) | 9 (5.5) | 23 (14.1) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Drug abuse (n = 75) | 46 (61.3) | 8 (10.7) | 21 (28) | 2.3 | 0.8–6.4 | 3.4 | 1.7–7.2 | 2.6 | 1.1–6.1 | 1.3 | 0.4–4.3 | 2.4 | 0.9–5.9 | 1.4 | 0.4–5.1 |
Not present (n = 146) | 121 (82.9) | 9 (6.2) | 16 (11) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Psychosis (n = 24) | 12 (50) | 1 (4.2) | 11 (45.8) | 0.8 | 0.1–6.5 | 5.4 | 2.1–13.4 | 4.1 | 1.6–10.6 | 0.2 | 0.02–2.3 | 1.5 | 0.5–4.6 | 6.1 | 0.7–53.1 |
Not present (n = 194) | 152 (78.4) | 1 6(8.2) | 26 (13.4) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
ADHD (n = 76) | 44 (57.9) | 8 (10.5) | 24 (31.6) | 2.4 | 0.9–6.7 | 5.1 | 2.4–10.8 | 4.3 | 1.9–9.3 | 1.4 | 0.4–4.4 | 2.2 | 0.9–5.4 | 1.8 | 0.6–6.1 |
Not present (n = 143) | 121 (84.6) | 9 (6.3) | 13 (9.1) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Cluster B PD (n = 143) | 99 (69.2) | 15 (10.5) | 29 (17) | 4.9 | 1.1–22.2 | 2.4 | 1.0–5.5 | 2.0 | 0.8–4.8 | 3.6 | 0.7–17.2 | 1.5 | 0.6–4.0 | 0.4 | 0.1–2.4 |
Not present (n = 75) | 65 (86.7) | 2 (2.7) | 8 (10.7) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Results of multinomial logistic regression examining associations between CPTSD, PTSD and other mental disorders. Notes: All disorders assessed by validated tools via clinical interview. Significant (p < 0.05) results are in bold.
Reference group sub-clinical class.
Multivariate model adjusted for sociodemographic covariates (living status, previous history of anxiety/depression).
Multivariate model adjusting for significant disorders in model and sociodemographic covariates, sub-clinical class as reference group.
Multivariate model adjusting for significant disorders in model and sociodemographic covariates, PTSD class as reference group.