Table 2.

Associations between trauma, PTSD symptoms and frequent or distressing PE^a

Exposure	Outcome	Unadjusted			Adjustedb
		OR	95% CI	p value	OR	95% CI	p value
Trauma (ages 0–14)	PEs (age 12–18)	1.48	1.23–1.77	<0.001	1.48	1.23–1.78	<0.001
Trauma (ages 0–17)	PEs (ages 19–24)	1.56	1.24–1.96	<0.001	1.57	1.25–1.98	<0.001
Trauma (ages 0–14)	PTSD symptoms (age 15)	1.69	1.40–2.09	<0.001	1.59	1.31–1.93	<0.001
Trauma (ages 0–17)	PTSD symptoms (age 24)	1.49	1.36–1.64	<0.001	1.50	1.36–1.65	<0.001
PTSD symptoms (age 15)	PEs (age 12–18)	6.49	3.37–12.50	<0.001	4.63	2.34–9.17	<0.001
PTSD symptoms (age 24)	PEs (ages 19–24)	2.07	1.06–4.04	0.03	1.62	0.80–3.25	0.18

^aStudy of adolescent PEs, N = 2952; study of adult PEs, N = 2492.

^bSex and family history of mental illness adjusted for in all models; exposure to trauma additionally adjusted for in PTSD-PEs regressions.