TABLE 1.
Cohort Characteristics, Stratified by Presence of Radiographic CAP
| Variable | Overall (N = 1142) | No Radiographic CAP (n = 889) | Radiographic CAP (n = 253) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Age, median (IQR) | 3.3 (1.4–7.1) | 2.8 (1.3–5.6) | 8.1 (4.3–11.6) |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 622 (54) | 516 (55) | 106 (52) |
| Historical | |||
| Fever, n (%) | 996 (87) | 799 (85) | 197 (97) |
| Days of fever, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 5 (2–7) |
| Cough, n (%) | 1099 (96) | 900 (96) | 199 (98) |
| Difficulty breathing, n (%) | 930 (81) | 779 (83) | 151 (74) |
| Fully immunized, n (%) | 1062 (93) | 872 (93) | 190 (94) |
| Days of illness, median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) | 4 (2–7) | 6 (4–9) |
| Vomiting, n (%) | 585 (51) | 479 (51) | 106 (52) |
| Wheezing, n (%) | 737 (65) | 633 (67) | 104 (51) |
| Rapid breathing, n (%) | 848 (74) | 712 (76) | 136 (67) |
| Rhinorrhea, n (%) | 949 (83) | 812 (86) | 137 (67) |
| Chest pain, n (%) | 350 (31) | 267 (28) | 83 (41) |
| Abdominal pain, n (%) | 362 (32) | 273 (29) | 89 (44) |
| Decreased oral intake, n (%) | 714 (63) | 586 (62) | 128 (63) |
| Decreased urine output, n (%) | 117 (10) | 97 (10) | 20 (10) |
| Smoke exposure, n (%) | 482 (42) | 403 (43) | 79 (39) |
| Pneumonia history, n (%) | 251 (22) | 205 (22) | 46 (23) |
| Past pneumonia hospitalization, n (%) | 101 (9) | 88 (43) | 13 (28) |
| Asthma, n (%) | 365 (32) | 314 (33) | 51 (25) |
| Physical examination | |||
| Temperature, median (IQR), degrees Celsius | 37.6 (37–38.3) | 37.6 (37–38.3) | 37.6 (37–38.4) |
| Respiratory rate, median (IQR) | 36 (28–48) | 40 (28–48) | 30 (24–40) |
| Heart rate, median (IQR) | 142 (123–160) | 144 (126–162) | 130 (109.5–146) |
| Systolic blood pressure, median (IQR) | 114 (105–123) | 114 (105–124) | 113 (103–121) |
| Oxygen saturation, median (IQR) | 96 (94–98) | 96 (94–98) | 97 (94–98) |
| Oxygen saturation: <92, n (%) | 93 (8) | 73 (8) | 20 (10) |
| Retractions, n (%) | 488 (44) | 437 (48) | 51 (26) |
| Grunting, n (%) | 78 (7) | 70 (8) | 8 (4) |
| Nasal flaring, n (%) | 127 (12) | 108 (12) | 19 (10) |
| Head nodding, n (%) | 34 (3) | 33 (4) | 1 (1) |
| Abdominal pain, n (%) | 104 (10) | 68 (8) | 36 (19) |
| Crackles or rales, n (%) | |||
| None | 761 (69) | 639 (70) | 122 (62) |
| Focal | 240 (22) | 174 (19) | 66 (34) |
| Diffuse | 107 (10) | 98 (11) | 9 (5) |
| Rhonchi, n (%) | |||
| None | 715 (64) | 559 (61) | 156 (79) |
| Focal | 83 (7) | 64 (7) | 19 (10) |
| Diffuse | 311 (28) | 289 (32) | 22 (11) |
| Wheezing, n (%) | |||
| None | 776 (70) | 605 (66) | 171 (87) |
| Focal | 38 (3) | 30 (3) | 8 (4) |
| Diffuse | 296 (27) | 279 (31) | 17 (9) |
| Decreased breath sounds, n (%) | |||
| None | 729 (66) | 637 (70) | 92 (47) |
| Focal | 257 (23) | 168 (18) | 89 (45) |
| Diffuse | 123 (11) | 107 (12) | 16 (8) |
Missing variables included immunization (n = 5), heart rate (n = 1), systolic blood pressure (n = 85), oxygen saturation (n = 38), retractions (n = 31), grunting (n = 34), nasal flaring (n = 38), head nodding (n = 33), abdominal pain (n = 82), crackles (n = 34), rhonchi (n = 33), wheezing (n = 32), decreased breathing sounds (n = 33).