Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Oct 27;16:917183. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.917183

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2022 Petroni, Subashi, Premoli, Memo, Lemaire and Pietropaolo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Schematic representation of the timeline of the study. Unpredictable mild stress (A) consisted of a 2 day-sequence that was repeated 3 consecutive times during the last week of gestation: on day 1, 3 sessions of 30-min restrain stress during the light phase were followed by overnight housing with wet bedding; on day 2, 3 sessions of sawdust and cage changes during the light phase were followed by overnight housing with novel objects. Control no stress mice were left undisturbed during all pregnancy. Behavioral tests were conducted first at 3 months (B) and then at 18 months (C) of age, with 48 h interval between each consecutive test. A single cohort of animals was employed for both testing series (B,C). GD, gestational day; PND, postnatal day; EPM, elevated plus maze; OF, open field; YM, Y maze; SI, social interaction; USVs, ultrasonic vocalizations.