Table 2.

Visual Attention Coding (VAC) Schema (adapted from Klimenko, 2007)

	Child’s Attentional Behaviors		Caregiver’s Attentional Behaviors
Score	Description	Score	Description
0	Looking away from book or caregiver	0	Looking away from book and child
1	Glancing at the book one or more times (less than 2 seconds)	1	Exhibiting a functional look to comment on or direct the child’s behavior (e.g., to sit and/or to attend to book reading) – not to communicate about the book
2	Looking at the book (for at least 2 seconds or more; i.e., sustained attention to book)	2	Looking at the book (i.e., sustained attention to book)
3	Glancing at the caregiver one or more times (less than 2 seconds)	3	Glancing at the child once (for less than 2 seconds)
4	Looking at the caregiver (for at least 2 seconds or more; i.e., sustained attention to caregiver)	4	Glancing at the child more than once (each less than 2 seconds)
		5	Looking at the child (for at least 2 seconds; i.e., sustained attention to child)