Fig. 5.

Sex differences in the effects of ESD on humoral immune parameters. Data present estimated marginal means ± SEM based on GLMMs for (A) unstimulated IL-6 positive monocytes, (B) LPS-stimulated IL-6 positive monocytes, (C) plasma IL-6 levels, and (D) plasma CRP levels for the ESD condition (red lines) and the control condition (blue lines) separated by sex. The gray shaded area indicates recovery periods with an 8-hour sleep opportunity per night. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, (*)P < 0.10; n.s., not significant. n = 22–24.