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Sex differences in the effects of ESD on cellular immune parameters. Data present estimated marginal means ± SEM based on GLMMs for (A) WBCs, (B) neutrophils, (C) monocytes, (D) lymphocytes, (E) CD4+ T cells, and (F) CD8+ T cells for the ESD condition (red lines) and the control condition (blue lines) separated by sex. The gray shaded area indicates recovery periods with an 8-hour sleep opportunity per night. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, (*)P < 0.10; n.s., not significant. n = 22–24.
