Table 1.
The regulatory effect of RNA binding protein on miRNA secretion
| Name of RBP | Regulated miRNA | Effect on miRNA’s secretion | Regulatory mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
| hnRNP-A2B1 | miR-198̖;miR-601 | Promoting | Specifically binding to GGAG in miRNA, leading it to exosomes (Villarroya-Beltri et al. 2013) |
| Promoting | RRM1 Specifically binding to AGG in miRNA, leading it to micro-vesicles, specifically binding to UAG in miRNA, leading it to micro-vesicles (Wu et al. 2018) | ||
| miR-503 | Inhibiting | hnRNPA2B1 migrates into the nucleus and cannot bind to miRNAs (Perez-Boza et al. 2020) | |
|
hnRNP-Q (SYNCRIP) |
miR-3470a̖;miR-194-2-3p | Promoting | Specifically binding to GGCU in miRNA, leading it to exosomes (Santangelo et al. 2016) |
| AGO2 | let-7a̖;miR-100̖;miR-320a | Inhibiting | Phosphorylation of Ago2 on serine 387 reduces Ago2 secretion into exosomes, preventing exosomal secretion of AGO2-bound miRNAs (McKenzie et al. 2016) |
| Y-box protein 1 | miR-223 | Promoting | Promoting the miRNA loaded into exosomes (Shurtleff et al. 2016) |
| miR-133 | Promoting | Promoting the miRNA loaded into exosomes (Lin et al. 2019) | |
| MEX3C | miR-451a | Promoting | MEX3C/AP-2 Recruiting the miRNA to endosomes for subsequent exosomal sorting with the aid of AGO2(Lu et al. 2017) |
| MVP | miR-193a | Promoting | Not interpreted (Teng et al. 2017) |
| La protein | miR-122 | Promoting | Not interpreted (Temoche-Diaz et al. 2019) |
| nSMase2 | miR-210 | Promoting | Not interpreted (Kosaka et al. 2013) |
| hnRNP-K̖;SAFB | EV-associated miRNAs during autophagy | Promoting | Through LC3-conjugation pathway promot the miRNA loaded into lipid LC3-rich EVs(Leidal et al. 2020) |
| miR-486 | 3’-adenylylated miRNAs tend to reside within cells, and 3’-urididated miRNAs tend to be released exosomes (Koppers-Lalic et al. 2014) |
hnRNP: Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins; hnRNP-Q(SYNCRIP): Synaptotagmin-binding cytoplasmic RNA-interaction protein; AO2: Argonaute 2; MEX3C: RNA-binding ubiquitin E3 ligase;MVP:Major vault protein;nSMase2:Neural Sphingomyelinase 2;SAFB:scaffold-attachment factor B