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. 2022 Nov 10;12:19164. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23281-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Decrease in E. coli Xen14 colonies in urine culture from mice post CSA-13 IRDye800CW treatment (grey columns) when compared to urinary tract infected untreated mice (green columns) (A) and decrease in E. coli clinical strains (S1, (B) and S2 (C), colonies in urine culture from mice post CSA-13 treatment (grey columns) when compared to urinary tract infected untreated mice (green columns). Histological analysis of mice bladder tissues: (1–3) normal murine bladder; (4–9) murine bladder infected with E. coli Xen14; tissue edema (black star), exfoliation of transitional epithelial cells (black arrow), invasion of inflammatory cells in the mucosa (red star), and bladder mucosa hyperplasia (red arrows) (10–12) Murine bladder infected with E. coli Xen14 and treated with CSA-13 (D).