Table 3.
Drug therapies for treatment of OA and OP.
| Reference | Disease | Drugs | Subjects | Signaling pathways | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qiyuan Wang, et al. (50) | OA | miR-181c | Synoviocytes | / | MiR-181c significantly repressed synoviocyte proliferation, as well as the levels of OPN, MMP13, IL-6, and IL-8. |
| Shenglong Li, et al. (51) | OA | Chitosan oligosaccharides | Chondrocytes | / | Chitosan oligosaccharides could reverse the effect of IL-1β on inhibiting chondrocytes viability and migration, moreover, chitosan oligosaccharides could reverse the upregulated expression of IL-1β, OPN, and p53 induced by cartilage injury. |
| Tsai Sen-Wei, et al. (52) | OA | Isorhamnetin | Sprague-Dawley rats | / | Isorhamnetin may reduce MIA-induced knee swelling by significantly reduction of articular cartilage damage in rats. The protective effect of isorhamnetin on OA was through the inhibition of OPN, NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2. |
| Zubeyir Elmazoglu, et al. (72) | OA | S-allylcysteine | Human OA chondrocyte | p-JNK/pan-JNK signaling pathway | S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), IL-1β, IL-6, OPN and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and type-II-collagen to control the progression of OA. |
| Qian, et al. (71) | OA | Adiponectin | Serum and synovial tissue | / | Adiponectin aggravates bone erosion by promoting OPN production in synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis. |
| Kulsirirat, et al. (73) | OA | Andrographolide | Mesenchymal stem cells | / | Andrographolide could upregulate the expression of genes related to osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, including Runx2, OPN, Sox9, and Aggrecan in mesenchymal stem cells. |
| Marycz, et al. (57) | OP | NHAp/IO@miR-21/124 | MC3T3-E1 cells | / | NHAp/IO@miR-21/124 could enhance osteogenesis through increasing osteogenic markers Runx-2, OPN, Coll-1 level. |
| Xiang Gao, et al. (58) | OP | Salvianolate | Lewis rats | RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway | Salvianolate treatment ameliorate osteopenia and improved bone quality through increasing the Osterix, OPN, Runx2 level and decrease TNF-α, IL-6 level in serum. |
| Yu-Qiong He, et al. (61) | OP | Monotropein | C57/BL6 mice and MC3T3-E1 cells | NF-κB signaling pathway | Monotropein inhibited bone mass reduction and improved bone micro-architectures by enhancing bone formation and blocking increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines in osteoporotic mice. |
| Miranda, et al. 959) | OP | strontium ranelate | Wistar rats | NF-κB signaling pathway | Strontium ranelate-treated groups presented higher staining of OPN and BSP which was beneficial to bone healing and the expression of bone markers. |
| La Yoon Choi, et al. (96) | OP | Palmul-tang | Female ICR mice | BMP-2 signaling pathway | Palmul-tang replenished bone marrow cavity and increased collagen deposition in bone marrow cells of femur, furthermore, restored the bone minerals and improvement of bone integrity through increasing the expressions of BMP-2, Runx2 and OSX with its downstream factors, ALP, OPN and BSP-1. |
| Li, et al. (76) | OP | Aucubin | MG63 cells | / | Aucubin increase cortical bone thickness, bone density and tighter trabecular bone in Dex-induced osteoporotic mouse model through increasing the level of collagen I, OCN, OPN in cells. |
| Zeng, et al. (78) | OP | Artesunate | hBMSCs | Wnt signaling pathway | Artesunate increased the osteoblasts differentiation related protein expression through activating the Wnt signaling pathway. |
| Dong, et al. (79) | OP | Anagliptin | MC3T3-E1 cells | Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | Anagliptin increased matrix deposition and mineralization by increased the expression of ALP, OCN, OPN, and BMP-2. |
| Yin, et al. (80) | OP | Evodiamine | Zebrafish | MMP3-OPN-MAPK pathway | Evodiamine increased the area of bone formation through MMP3-OPN-MAPK pathway in zebrafish. |
| Fan, et al. (81) | OP | Myricetin | Sprague-Dawley rats | / | Myricetin promoted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, accompanied by increases in BMP2, Runx2, ALP, OCN, Col1a and OPN levels. |
| Lee, et al. (83) | OP | Osteo-F | Female ICR mice | / | Osteo-F-treatment increased the Bone mineral content and BMD through up-regulating the mRNA expressions of collagen type I, BMP-2 and OPN in ovariectomized mice. |
| Huang, et al. (91) | OP | Psoralen | hBMSCs | TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway | Psoralen accelerates osteogenic differentiation by increasing the expression of BMP4, OPN, Osterix, Runx2, TGF-β1, TGF-β RI and p-Smad3 through activating the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. |
| Marycz, et al. (84) | OP | PRHD@MnFe2O4 | MC3T3-E1 cells | / | PRHD@MnFe2O4 could be a potential agent in osteoporosis treatment through enhancing expression of bone remodeling genes mainly including OPN, OCL and ALP. |